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Met and unmet needs of homeless individuals at different stages of housing reintegration: A mixed-method investigation

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  • Marie-Josée Fleury
  • Guy Grenier
  • Judith Sabetti
  • Karine Bertrand
  • Michèle Clément
  • Serge Brochu

Abstract

This study aimed to identify and compare major areas of met and unmet needs reported by 455 homeless or recently housed individuals recruited from emergency shelters, temporary housing, and permanent housing in Quebec (Canada). Mixed methods, guided by the Maslow framework, were used. Basic needs were the strongest needs category identified, followed by health and social services (an emergent category), and safety; very few participants expressed needs in the higher-order categories of love and belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization. The only significant differences between the three housing groups occurred in basic needs met, which favored permanent housing residents. Safety was the only category where individuals reported more unmet than met needs. The study results suggested that increased overall access to and continuity of care with family physicians, MD or SUD clinicians and community organizations for social integration should be provided to help better these individuals. Case management, stigma prevention, supported employment programs, peer support and day centers should particularly be more widely implemented as interventions that may promote a higher incidence of met needs in specific needs categories.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie-Josée Fleury & Guy Grenier & Judith Sabetti & Karine Bertrand & Michèle Clément & Serge Brochu, 2021. "Met and unmet needs of homeless individuals at different stages of housing reintegration: A mixed-method investigation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0245088
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245088
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephen Hwang & Tim Aubry & Anita Palepu & Susan Farrell & Rosane Nisenbaum & Anita Hubley & Fran Klodawsky & Evie Gogosis & Elizabeth Hay & Shannon Pidlubny & Tatiana Dowbor & Catharine Chambers, 2011. "The health and housing in transition study: a longitudinal study of the health of homeless and vulnerably housed adults in three Canadian cities," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 56(6), pages 609-623, December.
    2. Hwang, S.W. & Chambers, C. & Chiu, S. & Katic, M. & Kiss, A. & Redelmeier, D.A. & Levinson, W., 2013. "A comprehensive assessment of health care utilization among homeless adults under a system of universal health insurance," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(S2), pages 294-301.
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    1. Grotts, Joseph H. & Mead, Meredith M. & Rab, Shayan & Walker, Imani J. & Choi, Kristen R., 2022. "Geospatial analysis of associations among mental health need, housing need, and involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations of people experiencing homelessness in Los Angeles County," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    2. Ivy Chumo & Caroline Kabaria & Alex Shankland & Blessing Mberu, 2022. "Unmet Needs and Resilience: The Case of Vulnerable and Marginalized Populations in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Małgorzata Szcześniak & Katarzyna Szmuc & Barbara Tytonik & Anna Czaprowska & Mariia Ivanytska & Agnieszka Malinowska, 2022. "Moderating Effect of Help-Seeking in the Relationship between Religiosity and Dispositional Gratitude among Polish Homeless Adults: A Brief Report," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-14, January.

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