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Simulation of pedestrian evacuation route choice using social force model in large-scale public space: Comparison of five evacuation strategies

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  • Jibiao Zhou
  • Yanyong Guo
  • Sheng Dong
  • Minjie Zhang
  • Tianqi Mao

Abstract

The primary objective of this study is to compare pedestrian evacuation strategies in the large-scale public space (LPS) using microscopic model. Data were collected by video recording from Tian-yi square for 36 hours in city of Ningbo, China. A pedestrian evacuation simulation model was developed based on the social force model (SFM). The simulation model parameters, such as reaction time, elasticity coefficient, sliding coefficient, et al, were calibrated using the real data extracted from the video. Five evacuation strategies, strategy 1 (S1) to strategy 5 (S5) involving distance, density and capacity factors were simulated and compared by indicators of evacuation time and channel utilization rate, as well as the evacuation efficiency. The simulation model parameters calibration results showed that a) the pedestrians walking speed is 1.0 ~ 1.5m/s; b) the pedestrians walking diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.4m; c) the frequency of pedestrian arrival and departure followed multi-normal distribution. The simulation results showed that, (a) in terms of total evacuation time, the performance of S4 and S5 which considering the capacity and density factors were best in all evacuation scenarios, the performance of S3 which only considering the density factor was the worst, relatively, and S1 and S2 which considering the distance factor were in the middle. (b) the utilization rate of channels under S5 strategy was better than other strategies, which performs best in the balance of evacuation. S3 strategy was the worst, and S1, S2 and S4 were in the middle. (c) in terms of the evacuation efficiency, when the number of evacuees is within 2, 500 peds, the S1 and S2 strategy which considering the distance factor have best evacuation efficiency than other strategies. And when the number of evacuees is above 2, 500 peds, the S4 and S5 strategy which considering the capacity factor are better than others.

Suggested Citation

  • Jibiao Zhou & Yanyong Guo & Sheng Dong & Minjie Zhang & Tianqi Mao, 2019. "Simulation of pedestrian evacuation route choice using social force model in large-scale public space: Comparison of five evacuation strategies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0221872
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221872
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dirk Helbing & Illés Farkas & Tamás Vicsek, 2000. "Simulating dynamical features of escape panic," Nature, Nature, vol. 407(6803), pages 487-490, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Haotian Zheng & Shuchuan Zhang & Junqi Zhu & Ziyan Zhu & Xin Fang, 2022. "Evacuation in Buildings Based on BIM: Taking a Fire in a University Library as an Example," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-21, December.
    2. Sheng Dong & Jibiao Zhou & Changxi Ma, 2020. "Design of a Network Optimization Platform for the Multivehicle Transportation of Hazardous Materials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Zhou, Jibiao & Chen, Siyuan & Ma, Changxi & Dong, Sheng, 2022. "Stability analysis of pedestrian traffic flow in horizontal channels: A numerical simulation method," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 587(C).

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