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Exploration of workforce changes in integrated chronic care: Findings from an interactive and emergent research design

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  • Loraine Busetto
  • Katrien Luijkx
  • Stefano Calciolari
  • Laura Guadalupe González Ortiz
  • Hubertus Johannes Maria Vrijhoef

Abstract

Introduction: Integrated care interventions introduced in response to the increased demand for long-term care entail profound changes to the health workforce. This exploratory study aims to provide an overview of the workforce changes implemented as part of integrated chronic care interventions. Methods: An interactive and emergent research design was used consisting of a literature review, qualitative expert questionnaires and case reports. We defined integrated care as interventions targeting at least two of the six Chronic Care Model components. Workforce changes were defined as those changes experienced by clinical and non-clinical staff responsible for public and individual health intervention. Results: Seven workforce changes were identified: (1) nurse involvement, (2) multidisciplinary staff, (3) multidisciplinary protocols/pathways, (4) provider training, (5) case manager/care coordinator, (6) team meetings, and (7) new positions. Most interventions included more than one of these workforce changes. Conclusion: The results of this study provide detailed insights into the current implementation of workforce changes in integrated care interventions and thereby pave the way for further investigations into the relative effectiveness of different workforce changes within the scope of complex interventions. Advancing knowledge in this area is essential for fostering health systems’ capacity to cope with the challenges related to the current demographic and epidemiological trends.

Suggested Citation

  • Loraine Busetto & Katrien Luijkx & Stefano Calciolari & Laura Guadalupe González Ortiz & Hubertus Johannes Maria Vrijhoef, 2017. "Exploration of workforce changes in integrated chronic care: Findings from an interactive and emergent research design," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0187468
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187468
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rie Fujisawa & Francesca Colombo, 2009. "The Long-Term Care Workforce: Overview and Strategies to Adapt Supply to a Growing Demand," OECD Health Working Papers 44, OECD Publishing.
    2. Loraine Busetto & Stefano Calciolari & Laura G. González-Ortiz & Katrien Luijkx & Bert Vrijhoef, 2021. "Integrated Care and the Health Workforce," Springer Books, in: Volker Amelung & Viktoria Stein & Esther Suter & Nicholas Goodwin & Ellen Nolte & Ran Balicer (ed.), Handbook Integrated Care, edition 2, chapter 0, pages 327-339, Springer.
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