IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/jmarka/v7y2019i3d10.1057_s41270-019-00058-3.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS: a software review

Author

Listed:
  • Marko Sarstedt

    (Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg
    Monash University Malaysia)

  • Jun-Hwa Cheah

    (Universiti Putra Malaysia)

Abstract

In their effort to better understand consumer behavior, marketing researchers often analyze relationships between latent variables, measured by sets of observed variables. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has become a popular tool for analyzing such relationships. Particularly the availability of SmartPLS, a comprehensive software program with an intuitive graphical user interface, helped popularize the method. We review the latest version of SmartPLS and discuss its various features. Our aim is to offer researchers with concrete guidance regarding their choice of a PLS-SEM software that fits their analytical needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Marko Sarstedt & Jun-Hwa Cheah, 2019. "Partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS: a software review," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(3), pages 196-202, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:pal:jmarka:v:7:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1057_s41270-019-00058-3
    DOI: 10.1057/s41270-019-00058-3
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41270-019-00058-3
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41270-019-00058-3?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Monecke, Armin & Leisch, Friedrich, 2012. "semPLS: Structural Equation Modeling Using Partial Least Squares," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i03).
    2. Carsten Hahn & Michael D. Johnson & Andreas Herrmann & Frank Huber, 2002. "Capturing Customer Heterogeneity Using A Finite Mixture Pls Approach," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, vol. 54(3), pages 243-269, July.
    3. Marko Sarstedt & Erik Mooi, 2019. "A Concise Guide to Market Research," Springer Texts in Business and Economics, Springer, edition 3, number 978-3-662-56707-4, June.
    4. Tenenhaus, Michel & Vinzi, Vincenzo Esposito & Chatelin, Yves-Marie & Lauro, Carlo, 2005. "PLS path modeling," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 159-205, January.
    5. Necmi K. Avkiran & Christian M. Ringle (ed.), 2018. "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-3-319-71691-6, December.
    6. Gudergan, Siegfried P. & Ringle, Christian M. & Wende, Sven & Will, Alexander, 2008. "Confirmatory tetrad analysis in PLS path modeling," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(12), pages 1238-1249, December.
    7. Manfred Schwaiger, 2004. "Components And Parameters Of Corporate Reputation – An Empirical Study," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, vol. 56(1), pages 46-71, January.
    8. Shmueli, Galit & Ray, Soumya & Velasquez Estrada, Juan Manuel & Chatla, Suneel Babu, 2016. "The elephant in the room: Predictive performance of PLS models," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 4552-4564.
    9. Schlittgen, Rainer & Ringle, Christian M. & Sarstedt, Marko & Becker, Jan-Michael, 2016. "Segmentation of PLS path models by iterative reweighted regressions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 4583-4592.
    10. Marko Sarstedt & Jan-Michael Becker & Christian M. Ringle & Manfred Schwaiger, 2011. "Uncovering and Treating Unobserved Heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: Which Model Selection Criterion Provides an Appropriate Number of Segments?," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, vol. 63(1), pages 34-62, January.
    11. Jakobowicz, Emmanuel & Derquenne, Christian, 2007. "A modified PLS path modeling algorithm handling reflective categorical variables and a new model building strategy," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 51(8), pages 3666-3678, May.
    12. Marko Sarstedt & Erik Mooi, 2019. "The Market Research Process," Springer Texts in Business and Economics, in: A Concise Guide to Market Research, edition 3, chapter 2, pages 11-24, Springer.
    13. Sarstedt, Marko & Hair, Joseph F. & Ringle, Christian M. & Thiele, Kai O. & Gudergan, Siegfried P., 2016. "Estimation issues with PLS and CBSEM: Where the bias lies!," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 3998-4010.
    14. Marko Sarstedt & Christian M Ringle & Jun-Hwa Cheah & Hiram Ting & Ovidiu I Moisescu & Lacramioara Radomir, 2020. "Structural model robustness checks in PLS-SEM," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(4), pages 531-554, June.
    15. Streukens, Sandra & Leroi-Werelds, Sara, 2016. "Bootstrapping and PLS-SEM: A step-by-step guide to get more out of your bootstrap results," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 618-632.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sarstedt, Marko & Hair, Joseph F. & Cheah, Jun-Hwa & Becker, Jan-Michael & Ringle, Christian M., 2019. "How to specify, estimate, and validate higher-order constructs in PLS-SEM," Australasian marketing journal, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 197-211.
    2. Marko Sarstedt & Christian M Ringle & Jun-Hwa Cheah & Hiram Ting & Ovidiu I Moisescu & Lacramioara Radomir, 2020. "Structural model robustness checks in PLS-SEM," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(4), pages 531-554, June.
    3. Basco, Rodrigo & Hair, Joseph F. & Ringle, Christian M. & Sarstedt, Marko, 2022. "Advancing family business research through modeling nonlinear relationships: Comparing PLS-SEM and multiple regression," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 13(3).
    4. Sarstedt, Marko & Radomir, Lăcrămioara & Moisescu, Ovidiu Ioan & Ringle, Christian M., 2022. "Latent class analysis in PLS-SEM: A review and recommendations for future applications," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 398-407.
    5. Christian Nitzl & Wynne W. Chin, 2017. "The case of partial least squares (PLS) path modeling in managerial accounting research," Journal of Management Control: Zeitschrift für Planung und Unternehmenssteuerung, Springer, vol. 28(2), pages 137-156, May.
    6. Jun-Hwa Cheah & Hiram Ting & T. Ramayah & Mumtaz Ali Memon & Tat-Huei Cham & Enrico Ciavolino, 2019. "A comparison of five reflective–formative estimation approaches: reconsideration and recommendations for tourism research," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 1421-1458, May.
    7. Nicole F. Richter & Sven Hauff & Christian M. Ringle & Siegfried P. Gudergan, 2022. "The Use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling and Complementary Methods in International Management Research," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(4), pages 449-470, August.
    8. Shafaqat Mehmood & Changyong Liang & Dongxiao Gu, 2018. "Heritage Image and Attitudes toward a Heritage Site: Do They Really Mediate the Relationship between User-Generated Content and Travel Intentions toward a Heritage Site?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-26, November.
    9. Vaithilingam, Santha & Ong, Chu Sun & Moisescu, Ovidiu I. & Nair, Mahendhiran S., 2024. "Robustness checks in PLS-SEM: A review of recent practices and recommendations for future applications in business research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    10. Sarstedt, Marko & Wilczynski, Petra & Melewar, T.C., 2013. "Measuring reputation in global markets—A comparison of reputation measures’ convergent and criterion validities," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 329-339.
    11. Manzi-Puertas, Mario A. & Agirre-Aramburu, Izaskun & López-Pérez, Sain, 2024. "Navigating the student entrepreneurial journey: Dynamics and interplay of resourceful and innovative behavior," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    12. Dell'Anno, Roberto & Pergolizzi, Antonio & Pittiglio, Rosanna & Reganati, Filippo, 2020. "Waste crime in Italian Regions: A Structural Equation Approach," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    13. Schlägel, Christopher & Sarstedt, Marko, 2016. "Assessing the measurement invariance of the four-dimensional cultural intelligence scale across countries: A composite model approach," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 633-649.
    14. Becker, Jan-Michael & Ismail, Ida Rosnita, 2016. "Accounting for sampling weights in PLS path modeling: Simulations and empirical examples," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 606-617.
    15. Viktor Fredrich & Siegfried Gudergan & Ricarda B. Bouncken, 2022. "Dynamic Capabilities, Internationalization and Growth of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: The Roles of Research and Development Intensity and Collaborative Intensity," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(4), pages 611-642, August.
    16. Jun-Hwa Cheah (Jacky) & Francesca Magno & Fabio Cassia, 2024. "Reviewing the SmartPLS 4 software: the latest features and enhancements," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 97-107, March.
    17. Joseph F. Hair & G. Tomas M. Hult & Christian M. Ringle & Marko Sarstedt & Kai Oliver Thiele, 2017. "Mirror, mirror on the wall: a comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 45(5), pages 616-632, September.
    18. Hair, Joe F. & Howard, Matt C. & Nitzl, Christian, 2020. "Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 101-110.
    19. Roberto Dell’Anno, 2020. "Corruption around the world: an analysis by partial least squares—structural equation modeling," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 184(3), pages 327-350, September.
    20. Andrade-Valbuena, Nelson & Torres, Juan Pablo, 2018. "Technological reflectiveness from a managerial capability perspective," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 84-97.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:jmarka:v:7:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1057_s41270-019-00058-3. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.