IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/assmgt/v24y2023i6d10.1057_s41260-023-00322-3.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Large portfolio optimisation approaches

Author

Listed:
  • Esra Ulasan

    (Smart Capital)

  • A. Özlem Önder

    (Ege University)

Abstract

This paper makes an empirical comparison of prominent methods in portfolio optimisation, such as nodewise regression, the sample covariance matrix, observable factor model-based covariance matrices, linear and nonlinear shrinkage methods, and principal orthogonal complement thresholding (POET) estimators. Empirically, we find that the nodewise regression approach that uses a direct estimator of the sparse inverse covariance matrix improves portfolio performance among existing methods in mean-variance portfolio optimisation when the number of stocks is greater than the number of observations.

Suggested Citation

  • Esra Ulasan & A. Özlem Önder, 2023. "Large portfolio optimisation approaches," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(6), pages 485-497, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:assmgt:v:24:y:2023:i:6:d:10.1057_s41260-023-00322-3
    DOI: 10.1057/s41260-023-00322-3
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41260-023-00322-3
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41260-023-00322-3?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ledoit, Olivier & Wolf, Michael, 2004. "A well-conditioned estimator for large-dimensional covariance matrices," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 365-411, February.
    2. Olivier Ledoit & Michael Wolf, 2022. "The Power of (Non-)Linear Shrinking: A Review and Guide to Covariance Matrix Estimation [Design-Free Estimation of Variance Matrices]," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 20(1), pages 187-218.
    3. Jushan Bai & Serena Ng, 2002. "Determining the Number of Factors in Approximate Factor Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(1), pages 191-221, January.
    4. Reyna, Fernando R. Q. & Júnior, Antonio M. Duarte & Mendes, Beatriz V. M. & Porto, Oscar, 2005. "Optimal Portfolio Structuring in Emerging Stock Markets Using Robust Statistics," Brazilian Review of Econometrics, Sociedade Brasileira de Econometria - SBE, vol. 25(2), November.
    5. Victor DeMiguel & Lorenzo Garlappi & Raman Uppal, 2009. "Optimal Versus Naive Diversification: How Inefficient is the 1-N Portfolio Strategy?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(5), pages 1915-1953, May.
    6. Xu, Qifa & Zhou, Yingying & Jiang, Cuixia & Yu, Keming & Niu, Xufeng, 2016. "A large CVaR-based portfolio selection model with weight constraints," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 436-447.
    7. Kourtis, Apostolos & Dotsis, George & Markellos, Raphael N., 2012. "Parameter uncertainty in portfolio selection: Shrinking the inverse covariance matrix," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 2522-2531.
    8. Ledoit, Oliver & Wolf, Michael, 2008. "Robust performance hypothesis testing with the Sharpe ratio," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 850-859, December.
    9. Fan, Jianqing & Han, Fang & Liu, Han & Vickers, Byron, 2016. "Robust inference of risks of large portfolios," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 194(2), pages 298-308.
    10. Ledoit, Olivier & Wolf, Michael, 2015. "Spectrum estimation: A unified framework for covariance matrix estimation and PCA in large dimensions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 360-384.
    11. Friedman, Jerome H. & Hastie, Trevor & Tibshirani, Rob, 2010. "Regularization Paths for Generalized Linear Models via Coordinate Descent," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 33(i01).
    12. Jiahan Li, 2015. "Sparse and Stable Portfolio Selection With Parameter Uncertainty," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(3), pages 381-392, July.
    13. Bekaert, Geert & Harvey, Campbell R., 1997. "Emerging equity market volatility," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 29-77, January.
    14. Gah-Yi Ban & Noureddine El Karoui & Andrew E. B. Lim, 2018. "Machine Learning and Portfolio Optimization," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 64(3), pages 1136-1154, March.
    15. Bernd Scherer, 2006. "A note on the out-of-sample performance of resampled efficiency," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(3), pages 170-178, September.
    16. Bodnar, Taras & Gupta, Arjun K. & Parolya, Nestor, 2014. "On the strong convergence of the optimal linear shrinkage estimator for large dimensional covariance matrix," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 215-228.
    17. Gianfranco Guastaroba & Gautam Mitra & M Grazia Speranza, 2011. "Investigating the effectiveness of robust portfolio optimization techniques," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(4), pages 260-280, September.
    18. Fama, Eugene F. & French, Kenneth R., 2015. "A five-factor asset pricing model," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(1), pages 1-22.
    19. Fama, Eugene F. & French, Kenneth R., 1993. "Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 3-56, February.
    20. Kolev, Gueorgui I. & Karapandza, Rasa, 2017. "Out-of-sample equity premium predictability and sample split–invariant inference," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 188-201.
    21. Laurent Callot & Mehmet Caner & A. Özlem Önder & Esra Ulaşan, 2021. "A Nodewise Regression Approach to Estimating Large Portfolios," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(2), pages 520-531, March.
    22. Cai, Tony & Liu, Weidong, 2011. "Adaptive Thresholding for Sparse Covariance Matrix Estimation," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 106(494), pages 672-684.
    23. Cakici, Nusret & Fabozzi, Frank J. & Tan, Sinan, 2013. "Size, value, and momentum in emerging market stock returns," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 16(C), pages 46-65.
    24. Yingying Fan & Cheng Yong Tang, 2013. "Tuning parameter selection in high dimensional penalized likelihood," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 75(3), pages 531-552, June.
    25. Ester Pantaleo & Michele Tumminello & Fabrizio Lillo & Rosario Mantegna, 2011. "When do improved covariance matrix estimators enhance portfolio optimization? An empirical comparative study of nine estimators," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(7), pages 1067-1080.
    26. Rothman, Adam J. & Levina, Elizaveta & Zhu, Ji, 2009. "Generalized Thresholding of Large Covariance Matrices," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 104(485), pages 177-186.
    27. Jian, Zhihong & Deng, Pingjun & Zhu, Zhican, 2018. "High-dimensional covariance forecasting based on principal component analysis of high-frequency data," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 422-431.
    28. Fan, Jianqing & Fan, Yingying & Lv, Jinchi, 2008. "High dimensional covariance matrix estimation using a factor model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 147(1), pages 186-197, November.
    29. Antoniadis A. & Fan J., 2001. "Regularization of Wavelet Approximations," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 96, pages 939-967, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tae-Hwy Lee & Ekaterina Seregina, 2024. "Optimal Portfolio Using Factor Graphical Lasso," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 22(3), pages 670-695.
    2. Fan, Jianqing & Liao, Yuan & Shi, Xiaofeng, 2015. "Risks of large portfolios," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 186(2), pages 367-387.
    3. Tae-Hwy Lee & Ekaterina Seregina, 2020. "Learning from Forecast Errors: A New Approach to Forecast Combination," Working Papers 202024, University of California at Riverside, Department of Economics.
    4. Maurizio Daniele & Winfried Pohlmeier & Aygul Zagidullina, 2018. "Sparse Approximate Factor Estimation for High-Dimensional Covariance Matrices," Working Paper Series of the Department of Economics, University of Konstanz 2018-07, Department of Economics, University of Konstanz.
    5. Jianqing Fan & Yuan Liao & Martina Mincheva, 2013. "Large covariance estimation by thresholding principal orthogonal complements," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 75(4), pages 603-680, September.
    6. Aït-Sahalia, Yacine & Xiu, Dacheng, 2017. "Using principal component analysis to estimate a high dimensional factor model with high-frequency data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 201(2), pages 384-399.
    7. Ding, Yi & Li, Yingying & Zheng, Xinghua, 2021. "High dimensional minimum variance portfolio estimation under statistical factor models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 222(1), pages 502-515.
    8. Gianluca De Nard & Olivier Ledoit & Michael Wolf, 2018. "Factor models for portfolio selection in large dimensions: the good, the better and the ugly," ECON - Working Papers 290, Department of Economics - University of Zurich, revised Dec 2018.
    9. Chen, Jia & Li, Degui & Linton, Oliver, 2019. "A new semiparametric estimation approach for large dynamic covariance matrices with multiple conditioning variables," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 212(1), pages 155-176.
    10. Lam, Clifford, 2020. "High-dimensional covariance matrix estimation," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 101667, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    11. Fan, Jianqing & Wang, Weichen & Zhong, Yiqiao, 2019. "Robust covariance estimation for approximate factor models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 208(1), pages 5-22.
    12. Ruili Sun & Tiefeng Ma & Shuangzhe Liu & Milind Sathye, 2019. "Improved Covariance Matrix Estimation for Portfolio Risk Measurement: A Review," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-34, March.
    13. De Nard, Gianluca & Zhao, Zhao, 2023. "Using, taming or avoiding the factor zoo? A double-shrinkage estimator for covariance matrices," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 23-35.
    14. Dai, Chaoxing & Lu, Kun & Xiu, Dacheng, 2019. "Knowing factors or factor loadings, or neither? Evaluating estimators of large covariance matrices with noisy and asynchronous data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 208(1), pages 43-79.
    15. Mörstedt, Torsten & Lutz, Bernhard & Neumann, Dirk, 2024. "Cross validation based transfer learning for cross-sectional non-linear shrinkage: A data-driven approach in portfolio optimization," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 318(2), pages 670-685.
    16. Jianqing Fan & Yuan Liao & Han Liu, 2016. "An overview of the estimation of large covariance and precision matrices," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 19(1), pages 1-32, February.
    17. Ikeda, Yuki & Kubokawa, Tatsuya, 2016. "Linear shrinkage estimation of large covariance matrices using factor models," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 61-81.
    18. Sven Husmann & Antoniya Shivarova & Rick Steinert, 2019. "Cross-validated covariance estimators for high-dimensional minimum-variance portfolios," Papers 1910.13960, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2020.
    19. Francesco Lautizi, 2015. "Large Scale Covariance Estimates for Portfolio Selection," CEIS Research Paper 353, Tor Vergata University, CEIS, revised 07 Aug 2015.
    20. Sumanjay Dutta & Shashi Jain, 2023. "Precision versus Shrinkage: A Comparative Analysis of Covariance Estimation Methods for Portfolio Allocation," Papers 2305.11298, arXiv.org.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:assmgt:v:24:y:2023:i:6:d:10.1057_s41260-023-00322-3. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.