IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/oup/beheco/v31y2020i1p1-11..html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How demographic processes shape animal social networks

Author

Listed:
  • Daizaburo Shizuka
  • Allison E Johnson
  • Leigh Simmons

Abstract

Demographic processes play a key role in shaping the patterns of social relations among individuals in a population. Social network analysis is a powerful quantitative tool for assessing the social structure formed by associations between individuals. However, demographic processes are rarely accounted for in such analyses. Here, we summarize how the structure of animal social networks is shaped by the joint effects of social behavior and turnover of individuals and suggest how a deeper understanding of these processes can open new, exciting avenues for research. Death or dispersal can have the direct effect of removing an individual and all its social connections, and can also have indirect effects, spurring changes in the distribution of social connections between remaining individuals. Recruitment and integration of juveniles and immigrant into existing social networks are critical to the emergence and persistence of social network structure. Together, these behavioral responses to loss and gain of social partners may impact how societies respond to seasonal or catastrophic turnover events. The fitness consequences of social position (e.g., survival and reproductive rates) may also create feedback between the social network structure and demography. Understanding how social structure changes in response to turnover of individuals requires further integration between long-term field studies and network modeling methods. These efforts will likely yield new insights into the connections between social networks and life history, ecological change, and evolutionary dynamics. Lay Summary Births, deaths, and dispersal fundamentally shape societies. We consider how demography and behavior together generate complexity in social networks. For example, how do loss of partners affect behavior? How do new individuals integrate into a society? Considering such questions can lead to new links between social network theory, life history, ecological resilience, and evolutionary dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • Daizaburo Shizuka & Allison E Johnson & Leigh Simmons, 2020. "How demographic processes shape animal social networks," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 1-11.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:beheco:v:31:y:2020:i:1:p:1-11.
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/arz083
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cassandra M.V. Nuñez & James S. Adelman & Daniel I. Rubenstein, 2015. "Sociality increases juvenile survival after a catastrophic event in the feral horse (Equus caballus)," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 26(1), pages 138-147.
    2. Hisashi Ohtsuki & Christoph Hauert & Erez Lieberman & Martin A. Nowak, 2006. "A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation on graphs and social networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 441(7092), pages 502-505, May.
    3. Catherine Matias & Vincent Miele, 2017. "Statistical clustering of temporal networks through a dynamic stochastic block model," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 79(4), pages 1119-1141, September.
    4. Noa Pinter-Wollman & Elizabeth A. Hobson & Jennifer E. Smith & Andrew J. Edelman & Daizaburo Shizuka & Shermin de Silva & James S. Waters & Steven D. Prager & Takao Sasaki & George Wittemyer & Jennife, 2014. "The dynamics of animal social networks: analytical, conceptual, and theoretical advances," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 25(2), pages 242-255.
    5. Jessica C. Flack & Michelle Girvan & Frans B. M. de Waal & David C. Krakauer, 2006. "Policing stabilizes construction of social niches in primates," Nature, Nature, vol. 439(7075), pages 426-429, January.
    6. Noa Pinter-Wollmana & Brian Mi & Jonathan N. Pruitt, 2017. "Replacing bold individuals has a smaller impact on group performance than replacing shy individuals," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 28(3), pages 883-889.
    7. James J. H. St Clair & Zackory T. Burns & Elaine M. Bettaney & Michael B. Morrissey & Brian Otis & Thomas B. Ryder & Robert C. Fleischer & Richard James & Christian Rutz, 2015. "Experimental resource pulses influence social-network dynamics and the potential for information flow in tool-using crows," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-8, November.
    8. Petter Holme, 2015. "Modern temporal network theory: a colloquium," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 88(9), pages 1-30, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rebecca Rooke & Joshua J. Krupp & Amara Rasool & Mireille Golemiec & Megan Stewart & Jonathan Schneider & Joel D. Levine, 2024. "The gene “degrees of kevin bacon” (dokb) regulates a social network behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Yuan Yi & Fang He & Yuxuan Si, 2023. "Spatial Effects of Railway Network Construction on Urban Sprawl and Its Mechanisms: Evidence from Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.
    3. Adriana A Maldonado-Chaparro & Damien R Farine & Leigh Simmons, 2020. "Demographic processes in animal networks are a question of time: a comment on Shizuka and Johnson," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 12-13.
    4. Daizaburo Shizuka & Allison E Johnson & Leigh Simmons, 2020. "The long view on demographic effects on social networks: a response to comments on Shizuka and Johnson," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 19-20.
    5. Quinn M. R. Webber & Michel P. Laforge & Maegwin Bonar & Eric Vander Wal, 2024. "The adaptive value of density-dependent habitat specialization and social network centrality," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Ipek G Kulahci & Leigh Simmons, 2020. "Individual differences can affect how networks respond to demography: a comment on Shizuka and Johnson," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 15-16.
    7. Amiyaal Ilany & Leigh Simmons, 2020. "Complex societies, simple processes: a comment on Shizuka and Johnson," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 13-13.
    8. Orr Spiegel & Noa Pinter-Wollman & Leigh Simmons, 2020. "Placing the effects of demography on networks in ecological context: a comment on Shizuka and Johnson," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 14-15.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jordán, Ferenc, 2022. "The network perspective: Vertical connections linking organizational levels," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 473(C).
    2. Derek Murphy & Hannah S Mumby & Michelle D Henley & Andrea Griffin, 2020. "Age differences in the temporal stability of a male African elephant (Loxodonta africana) social network," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 31(1), pages 21-31.
    3. Freya Harrison & James Sciberras & Richard James, 2011. "Strength of Social Tie Predicts Cooperative Investment in a Human Social Network," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(3), pages 1-7, March.
    4. Michael Foley & Rory Smead & Patrick Forber & Christoph Riedl, 2021. "Avoiding the bullies: The resilience of cooperation among unequals," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(4), pages 1-18, April.
    5. C Matias & T Rebafka & F Villers, 2018. "A semiparametric extension of the stochastic block model for longitudinal networks," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 105(3), pages 665-680.
    6. Trenchard, Hugh, 2015. "The peloton superorganism and protocooperative behavior," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 270(C), pages 179-192.
    7. R. Bentley & Michael O’Brien & Paul Ormerod, 2011. "Quality versus mere popularity: a conceptual map for understanding human behavior," Mind & Society: Cognitive Studies in Economics and Social Sciences, Springer;Fondazione Rosselli, vol. 10(2), pages 181-191, December.
    8. Jorge Peña & Yannick Rochat, 2012. "Bipartite Graphs as Models of Population Structures in Evolutionary Multiplayer Games," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(9), pages 1-13, September.
    9. Peng Liu & Haoxiang Xia, 2015. "Structure and evolution of co-authorship network in an interdisciplinary research field," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 103(1), pages 101-134, April.
    10. Aslihan Akdeniz & Matthijs van Veelen, 2019. "The cancellation effect at the group level," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 19-073/I, Tinbergen Institute.
    11. Simon DeDeo, 2016. "Conflict and Computation on Wikipedia: A Finite-State Machine Analysis of Editor Interactions," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-23, July.
    12. Dantsuji, Takao & Sugishita, Kashin & Fukuda, Daisuke, 2023. "Understanding changes in travel patterns during the COVID-19 outbreak in the three major metropolitan areas of Japan," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Zhao, Zhengwu & Zhang, Chunyan, 2023. "The mechanisms of labor division from the perspective of task urgency and game theory," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 630(C).
    14. Lessard, Sabin & Lahaie, Philippe, 2009. "Fixation probability with multiple alleles and projected average allelic effect on selection," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 75(4), pages 266-277.
    15. Takahiro Ezaki & Naoki Masuda, 2017. "Reinforcement learning account of network reciprocity," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-8, December.
    16. Tanimoto, Jun, 2009. "Promotion of cooperation through co-evolution of networks and strategy in a 2 × 2 game," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 388(6), pages 953-960.
    17. Jiang, Binyan & Li, Jialiang & Yao, Qiwei, 2023. "Autoregressive networks," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119983, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    18. Heller, William B. & Sieberg, Katri K., 2010. "Honor among thieves: Cooperation as a strategic response to functional unpleasantness," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 351-362, September.
    19. Thorben Funke & Till Becker, 2019. "Stochastic block models: A comparison of variants and inference methods," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-40, April.
    20. Pietro DeLellis & Anna DiMeglio & Franco Garofalo & Francesco Lo Iudice, 2017. "The evolving cobweb of relations among partially rational investors," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:oup:beheco:v:31:y:2020:i:1:p:1-11.. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Oxford University Press (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://academic.oup.com/beheco .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.