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A Reformulation of the Portfolio Model of Hedging

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  • Stewart L. Brown

Abstract

The portfolio approach to hedging assumes that the primary motivation for hedging is risk reduction. The paper reexamines the portfolio approach to hedging and respecifies the model in such a way that hedge ratios are estimated using returns rather than price levels. Using the same data set, hedge ratios estimated using price levels differ from one while hedge ratios using returns are found to be insignificantly different from one. The results do not support the portfolio approach to hedging. Therefore, one must look elsewhere for empirical support for the risk-reduction theory of hedging.

Suggested Citation

  • Stewart L. Brown, 1985. "A Reformulation of the Portfolio Model of Hedging," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 67(3), pages 508-512.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:67:y:1985:i:3:p:508-512.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/1241069
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    Cited by:

    1. Dennis M. Conley, 1994. "Hedging ratios and effectiveness for diesel fuel and gasoline the northern plains," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(4), pages 305-317.
    2. Sergio H. Lence & Dermot J. Hayes, 1994. "The Empirical Minimum-Variance Hedge," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 76(1), pages 94-104.
    3. Białkowski, Jędrzej & Bohl, Martin T. & Perera, Devmali, 2023. "Commodity futures hedge ratios: A meta-analysis," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).
    4. Blank, Steven C., 1989. "Research On Futures Markets: Issues, Approaches, And Empirical Findings," Western Journal of Agricultural Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, July.
    5. Aglasan, Serkan & Wu, Shenan & Goodwin, Barry K., 2021. "Cross-hedging with Agricultural Commodities: A Copula-GARCH Approach," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313960, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Wilkinson, Katherine J & Rose, Lawrence C & Young, Martin R, 1999. "Comparing the Effectiveness of Traditional and Time Varying Hedge Ratios Using New Zealand and Australian Debt Futures Contracts," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 34(3), pages 79-94, August.
    7. Houston, Jack E. & Khonde, Mavuangi, 1990. "Opportunities and Pitfalls of International Futures Markets Trading by Developing Countries: The Case of Zaire Coffee Exports," 1990 Annual meeting, August 5-8, Vancouver, Canada 270724, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    8. Jirik, Mark A. & Irwin, Scott H. & Good, Darrel L. & Martines-Filho, Joao Gomes & Jackson, Thomas E., 2001. "Do Agricultural Market Advisory Services Beat The Market? Evidence From The Wheat Market Over 1995-1998," AgMAS Project Research Reports 14778, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics.
    9. Tronstad, Russell, 1991. "The Effects of Firm Size and Production Cost Levels on Dynamically Optimal After-Tax Cotton Storage and Hedging Decisions," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 23(1), pages 165-179, July.
    10. Tinker, Jonathan N. & Gerlow, Mary E. & Irwin, Scott H. & Zulauf, Carl R., 1989. "Frocasting Soybean Complex Prices: Univariate and Multivariate Time Series Models," 1989 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 2, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 270488, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    11. Ghosh, Asim, 1996. "Cross-Hedging Foreign Currency Risk: Empirical Evidence from an Error Correction Model," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 6(3), pages 223-231, May.
    12. Mark W. Ditsch & Raymond M. Leuthold, 1996. "Evaluating the Hedging Potential of the Lean Hog Futures Contract," Finance 9609003, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Ditsch, Mark W. & Leuthold, Raymond M., 1996. "Evaluating The Hedging Potential Of The Lean Hog Futures Contract," ACE OFOR Reports 14769, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics.
    14. Asim Ghosh & Ronnie Clayton, 1996. "Hedging With International Stock Index Futures: An Intertemporal Error Correction Model," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 19(4), pages 477-491, December.
    15. Jędrzej Białkowski & Martin T. Bohl & Devmali Perera, 2022. "Commodity Futures Hedge Ratios: A Meta-Analysis," Working Papers in Economics 22/12, University of Canterbury, Department of Economics and Finance.
    16. Young, Martin & Hogan, Warren & Batten, Jonathan, 2004. "The effectiveness of interest-rate futures contracts for hedging Japanese bonds of different credit quality and duration," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 13-25.

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