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Van der Waals heterostructure polaritons with moiré-induced nonlinearity

Author

Listed:
  • Long Zhang

    (University of Michigan
    Xiamen University)

  • Fengcheng Wu

    (University of Maryland)

  • Shaocong Hou

    (University of Michigan)

  • Zhe Zhang

    (University of Michigan)

  • Yu-Hsun Chou

    (National Cheng Kung University)

  • Kenji Watanabe

    (National Institute for Materials Science)

  • Takashi Taniguchi

    (National Institute for Materials Science)

  • Stephen R. Forrest

    (University of Michigan
    University of Michigan)

  • Hui Deng

    (University of Michigan)

Abstract

Controlling matter–light interactions with cavities is of fundamental importance in modern science and technology1. This is exemplified in the strong-coupling regime, where matter–light hybrid modes form, with properties that are controllable by optical-wavelength photons2,3. By contrast, matter excitations on the nanometre scale are harder to access. In two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, a tunable moiré lattice potential for electronic excitations may form4, enabling the generation of correlated electron gases in the lattice potentials5–9. Excitons confined in moiré lattices have also been reported10,11, but no cooperative effects have been observed and interactions with light have remained perturbative12–15. Here, by integrating MoSe2–WS2 heterobilayers in a microcavity, we establish cooperative coupling between moiré-lattice excitons and microcavity photons up to the temperature of liquid nitrogen, thereby integrating versatile control of both matter and light into one platform. The density dependence of the moiré polaritons reveals strong nonlinearity due to exciton blockade, suppressed exciton energy shift and suppressed excitation-induced dephasing, all of which are consistent with the quantum confined nature of the moiré excitons. Such a moiré polariton system combines strong nonlinearity and microscopic-scale tuning of matter excitations using cavity engineering and long-range light coherence, providing a platform with which to study collective phenomena from tunable arrays of quantum emitters.

Suggested Citation

  • Long Zhang & Fengcheng Wu & Shaocong Hou & Zhe Zhang & Yu-Hsun Chou & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Stephen R. Forrest & Hui Deng, 2021. "Van der Waals heterostructure polaritons with moiré-induced nonlinearity," Nature, Nature, vol. 591(7848), pages 61-65, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:591:y:2021:i:7848:d:10.1038_s41586-021-03228-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03228-5
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    Cited by:

    1. Qiuyang Li & Adam Alfrey & Jiaqi Hu & Nathanial Lydick & Eunice Paik & Bin Liu & Haiping Sun & Yang Lu & Ruoyu Wang & Stephen Forrest & Hui Deng, 2023. "Macroscopic transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers with uniformly high optical quality," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Ruoming Peng & Adina Ripin & Yusen Ye & Jiayi Zhu & Changming Wu & Seokhyeong Lee & Huan Li & Takashi Taniguchi & Kenji Watanabe & Ting Cao & Xiaodong Xu & Mo Li, 2022. "Long-range transport of 2D excitons with acoustic waves," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Zhiheng Huang & Yunfei Bai & Yanchong Zhao & Le Liu & Xuan Zhao & Jiangbin Wu & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Wei Yang & Dongxia Shi & Yang Xu & Tiantian Zhang & Qingming Zhang & Ping-Heng Tan , 2024. "Observation of phonon Stark effect," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. Jiaxin Zhao & Antonio Fieramosca & Kevin Dini & Ruiqi Bao & Wei Du & Rui Su & Yuan Luo & Weijie Zhao & Daniele Sanvitto & Timothy C. H. Liew & Qihua Xiong, 2023. "Exciton polariton interactions in Van der Waals superlattices at room temperature," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    5. Charalambos Louca & Armando Genco & Salvatore Chiavazzo & Thomas P. Lyons & Sam Randerson & Chiara Trovatello & Peter Claronino & Rahul Jayaprakash & Xuerong Hu & James Howarth & Kenji Watanabe & Taka, 2023. "Interspecies exciton interactions lead to enhanced nonlinearity of dipolar excitons and polaritons in MoS2 homobilayers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    6. Beini Gao & Daniel G. Suárez-Forero & Supratik Sarkar & Tsung-Sheng Huang & Deric Session & Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad & Ruihao Ni & Ming Xie & Pranshoo Upadhyay & Jonathan Vannucci & Sunil Mittal & Kenj, 2024. "Excitonic Mott insulator in a Bose-Fermi-Hubbard system of moiré WS2/WSe2 heterobilayer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    7. Yesenia A. García Jomaso & Brenda Vargas & David Ley Domínguez & Román J. Armenta-Rico & Huziel E. Sauceda & César L. Ordoñez-Romero & Hugo A. Lara-García & Arturo Camacho-Guardian & Giuseppe Pirrucci, 2024. "Intercavity polariton slows down dynamics in strongly coupled cavities," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Qiaoling Lin & Hanlin Fang & Alexei Kalaboukhov & Yuanda Liu & Yi Zhang & Moritz Fischer & Juntao Li & Joakim Hagel & Samuel Brem & Ermin Malic & Nicolas Stenger & Zhipei Sun & Martijn Wubs & Sanshui , 2024. "Moiré-engineered light-matter interactions in MoS2/WSe2 heterobilayers at room temperature," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    9. Biswajit Datta & Mandeep Khatoniar & Prathmesh Deshmukh & Félix Thouin & Rezlind Bushati & Simone Liberato & Stephane Kena Cohen & Vinod M. Menon, 2022. "Highly nonlinear dipolar exciton-polaritons in bilayer MoS2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    10. Richen Xiong & Samuel L. Brantly & Kaixiang Su & Jacob H. Nie & Zihan Zhang & Rounak Banerjee & Hayley Ruddick & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Seth Ariel Tongay & Cenke Xu & Chenhao Jin, 2024. "Tunable exciton valley-pseudospin orders in moiré superlattices," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    11. Zehua Hu & Tanjung Krisnanda & Antonio Fieramosca & Jiaxin Zhao & Qianlu Sun & Yuzhong Chen & Haiyun Liu & Yuan Luo & Rui Su & Junyong Wang & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Goki Eda & Xiao Rensh, 2024. "Energy transfer driven brightening of MoS2 by ultrafast polariton relaxation in microcavity MoS2/hBN/WS2 heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    12. Ke Wei & Qirui Liu & Yuxiang Tang & Yingqian Ye & Zhongjie Xu & Tian Jiang, 2023. "Charged biexciton polaritons sustaining strong nonlinearity in 2D semiconductor-based nanocavities," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

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