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Evasion of antiviral bacterial immunity by phage tRNAs

Author

Listed:
  • Aa Haeruman Azam

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Kohei Kondo

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Kotaro Chihara

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Tomohiro Nakamura

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Shinjiro Ojima

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Wenhan Nie

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Azumi Tamura

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Wakana Yamashita

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Yo Sugawara

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Motoyuki Sugai

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Longzhu Cui

    (Jichi Medical University)

  • Yoshimasa Takahashi

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Koichi Watashi

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)

  • Kotaro Kiga

    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Jichi Medical University)

Abstract

Retrons are bacterial genetic elements that encode a reverse transcriptase and, in combination with toxic effector proteins, can serve as antiphage defense systems. However, the mechanisms of action of most retron effectors, and how phages evade retrons, are not well understood. Here, we show that some phages can evade retrons and other defense systems by producing specific tRNAs. We find that expression of retron-Eco7 effector proteins (PtuA and PtuB) leads to degradation of tRNATyr and abortive infection. The genomes of T5 phages that evade retron-Eco7 include a tRNA-rich region, including a highly expressed tRNATyr gene, which confers protection against retron-Eco7. Furthermore, we show that other phages (T1, T7) can use a similar strategy, expressing a tRNALys, to counteract a tRNA anticodon defense system (PrrC170).

Suggested Citation

  • Aa Haeruman Azam & Kohei Kondo & Kotaro Chihara & Tomohiro Nakamura & Shinjiro Ojima & Wenhan Nie & Azumi Tamura & Wakana Yamashita & Yo Sugawara & Motoyuki Sugai & Longzhu Cui & Yoshimasa Takahashi &, 2024. "Evasion of antiviral bacterial immunity by phage tRNAs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-53789-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53789-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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