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Globally occurring pelagiphage infections create ribosome-deprived cells

Author

Listed:
  • Jan D. Brüwer

    (Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology)

  • Chandni Sidhu

    (Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology)

  • Yanlin Zhao

    (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University)

  • Andreas Eich

    (PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS,UAR 3278 CRIOBE)

  • Leonard Rößler

    (Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology)

  • Luis H. Orellana

    (Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology)

  • Bernhard M. Fuchs

    (Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology)

Abstract

Phages play an essential role in controlling bacterial populations. Those infecting Pelagibacterales (SAR11), the dominant bacteria in surface oceans, have been studied in silico and by cultivation attempts. However, little is known about the quantity of phage-infected cells in the environment. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques, we here show pelagiphage-infected SAR11 cells across multiple global ecosystems and present evidence for tight community control of pelagiphages on the SAR11 hosts in a case study. Up to 19% of SAR11 cells were phage-infected during a phytoplankton bloom, coinciding with a ~90% reduction in SAR11 cell abundance within 5 days. Frequently, a fraction of the infected SAR11 cells were devoid of detectable ribosomes, which appear to be a yet undescribed possible stage during pelagiphage infection. We dubbed such cells zombies and propose, among other possible explanations, a mechanism in which ribosomal RNA is used as a resource for the synthesis of new phage genomes. On a global scale, we detected phage-infected SAR11 and zombie cells in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. Our findings illuminate the important impact of pelagiphages on SAR11 populations and unveil the presence of ribosome-deprived zombie cells as part of the infection cycle.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan D. Brüwer & Chandni Sidhu & Yanlin Zhao & Andreas Eich & Leonard Rößler & Luis H. Orellana & Bernhard M. Fuchs, 2024. "Globally occurring pelagiphage infections create ribosome-deprived cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48172-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48172-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Selina Våge & Julia E. Storesund & T. Frede Thingstad, 2013. "SAR11 viruses and defensive host strains," Nature, Nature, vol. 499(7459), pages 3-4, July.
    2. Florian Tesson & Alexandre Hervé & Ernest Mordret & Marie Touchon & Camille d’Humières & Jean Cury & Aude Bernheim, 2022. "Systematic and quantitative view of the antiviral arsenal of prokaryotes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Francisco Martinez-Hernandez & Oscar Fornas & Monica Lluesma Gomez & Benjamin Bolduc & Maria Jose de la Cruz Peña & Joaquín Martínez Martínez & Josefa Anton & Josep M. Gasol & Riccardo Rosselli & Fran, 2017. "Single-virus genomics reveals hidden cosmopolitan and abundant viruses," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-13, August.
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