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Higher-order and fractional discrete time crystals in Floquet-driven Rydberg atoms

Author

Listed:
  • Bang Liu

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Li-Hua Zhang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Qi-Feng Wang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Yu Ma

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Tian-Yu Han

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Jun Zhang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Zheng-Yuan Zhang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Shi-Yao Shao

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Qing Li

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Han-Chao Chen

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Bao-Sen Shi

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Dong-Sheng Ding

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

Abstract

Higher-order and fractional discrete time crystals (DTCs) are exotic phases of matter where the discrete time translation symmetry is broken into higher-order and non-integer category. Generation of these unique DTCs has been widely studied theoretically in different systems. However, no current experimental methods can probe these higher-order and fractional DTCs in any quantum many-body systems. We demonstrate an experimental approach to observe higher-order and fractional DTCs in Floquet-driven Rydberg atomic gases. We have discovered multiple n-DTCs with integer values of n = 2, 3, and 4, and others ranging up to 14, along with fractional n-DTCs with n values beyond the integers. The system response can transition between adjacent integer DTCs, during which the fractional DTCs are investigated. Study of higher-order and fractional DTCs expands fundamental knowledge of non-equilibrium dynamics and is promising for discovery of more complex temporal symmetries beyond the single discrete time translation symmetry.

Suggested Citation

  • Bang Liu & Li-Hua Zhang & Qi-Feng Wang & Yu Ma & Tian-Yu Han & Jun Zhang & Zheng-Yuan Zhang & Shi-Yao Shao & Qing Li & Han-Chao Chen & Bao-Sen Shi & Dong-Sheng Ding, 2024. "Higher-order and fractional discrete time crystals in Floquet-driven Rydberg atoms," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-53712-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53712-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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