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Quantum control and Berry phase of electron spins in rotating levitated diamonds in high vacuum

Author

Listed:
  • Yuanbin Jin

    (Purdue University)

  • Kunhong Shen

    (Purdue University)

  • Peng Ju

    (Purdue University)

  • Xingyu Gao

    (Purdue University)

  • Chong Zu

    (Washington University)

  • Alejandro J. Grine

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Tongcang Li

    (Purdue University
    Purdue University
    Purdue University
    Purdue University)

Abstract

Levitated diamond particles in high vacuum with internal spin qubits have been proposed for exploring macroscopic quantum mechanics, quantum gravity, and precision measurements. The coupling between spins and particle rotation can be utilized to study quantum geometric phase, create gyroscopes and rotational matter-wave interferometers. However, previous efforts in levitated diamonds struggled with vacuum level or spin state readouts. To address these gaps, we fabricate an integrated surface ion trap with multiple stabilization electrodes. This facilitates on-chip levitation and, for the first time, optically detected magnetic resonance measurements of a nanodiamond levitated in high vacuum. The internal temperature of our levitated nanodiamond remains moderate at pressures below 10−5 Torr. We have driven a nanodiamond to rotate up to 20 MHz (1.2 × 109 rpm), surpassing typical nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center electron spin dephasing rates. Using these NV spins, we observe the effect of the Berry phase arising from particle rotation. In addition, we demonstrate quantum control of spins in a rotating nanodiamond. These results mark an important development in interfacing mechanical rotation with spin qubits, expanding our capacity to study quantum phenomena.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuanbin Jin & Kunhong Shen & Peng Ju & Xingyu Gao & Chong Zu & Alejandro J. Grine & Tongcang Li, 2024. "Quantum control and Berry phase of electron spins in rotating levitated diamonds in high vacuum," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-49175-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49175-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yoshihiko Arita & Michael Mazilu & Kishan Dholakia, 2013. "Laser-induced rotation and cooling of a trapped microgyroscope in vacuum," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. T. Delord & P. Huillery & L. Nicolas & G. Hétet, 2020. "Spin-cooling of the motion of a trapped diamond," Nature, Nature, vol. 580(7801), pages 56-59, April.
    3. Stefan Kuhn & Benjamin A. Stickler & Alon Kosloff & Fernando Patolsky & Klaus Hornberger & Markus Arndt & James Millen, 2017. "Optically driven ultra-stable nanomechanical rotor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-5, December.
    4. Felix Tebbenjohanns & M. Luisa Mattana & Massimiliano Rossi & Martin Frimmer & Lukas Novotny, 2021. "Quantum control of a nanoparticle optically levitated in cryogenic free space," Nature, Nature, vol. 595(7867), pages 378-382, July.
    5. Thai M. Hoang & Jonghoon Ahn & Jaehoon Bang & Tongcang Li, 2016. "Electron spin control of optically levitated nanodiamonds in vacuum," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-8, November.
    6. Lorenzo Magrini & Philipp Rosenzweig & Constanze Bach & Andreas Deutschmann-Olek & Sebastian G. Hofer & Sungkun Hong & Nikolai Kiesel & Andreas Kugi & Markus Aspelmeyer, 2021. "Real-time optimal quantum control of mechanical motion at room temperature," Nature, Nature, vol. 595(7867), pages 373-377, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xingyu Gao & Sumukh Vaidya & Saakshi Dikshit & Peng Ju & Kunhong Shen & Yuanbin Jin & Shixiong Zhang & Tongcang Li, 2024. "Nanotube spin defects for omnidirectional magnetic field sensing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.

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