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Exploring the gut DNA virome in fecal immunochemical test stool samples reveals associations with lifestyle in a large population-based study

Author

Listed:
  • Paula Istvan

    (University of Oslo)

  • Einar Birkeland

    (University of Oslo)

  • Ekaterina Avershina

    (Oslo University Hospital
    University of Oslo)

  • Ane S. Kværner

    (Norwegian Institute of Public Health)

  • Vahid Bemanian

    (Akershus University Hospital)

  • Barbara Pardini

    (Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS
    Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo)

  • Sonia Tarallo

    (Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS
    Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo)

  • Willem M. Vos

    (University of Helsinki
    Wageningen University)

  • Torbjørn Rognes

    (University of Oslo
    Oslo University Hospital)

  • Paula Berstad

    (Norwegian Institute of Public Health)

  • Trine B. Rounge

    (Oslo University Hospital
    University of Oslo
    Norwegian Institute of Public Health)

Abstract

Stool samples for fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) are collected in large numbers worldwide as part of colorectal cancer screening programs. Employing FIT samples from 1034 CRCbiome participants, recruited from a Norwegian colorectal cancer screening study, we identify, annotate and characterize more than 18000 DNA viruses, using shotgun metagenome sequencing. Only six percent of them are assigned to a known taxonomic family, with Microviridae being the most prevalent viral family. Linking individual profiles to comprehensive lifestyle and demographic data shows 17/25 of the variables to be associated with the gut virome. Physical activity, smoking, and dietary fiber consumption exhibit strong and consistent associations with both diversity and relative abundance of individual viruses, as well as with enrichment for auxiliary metabolic genes. We demonstrate the suitability of FIT samples for virome analysis, opening an opportunity for large-scale studies of this enigmatic part of the gut microbiome. The diverse viral populations and their connections to the individual lifestyle uncovered herein paves the way for further exploration of the role of the gut virome in health and disease.

Suggested Citation

  • Paula Istvan & Einar Birkeland & Ekaterina Avershina & Ane S. Kværner & Vahid Bemanian & Barbara Pardini & Sonia Tarallo & Willem M. Vos & Torbjørn Rognes & Paula Berstad & Trine B. Rounge, 2024. "Exploring the gut DNA virome in fecal immunochemical test stool samples reveals associations with lifestyle in a large population-based study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-46033-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46033-0
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