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Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 neutralization profiles after bivalent boosting using antigenic cartography

Author

Listed:
  • Annika Rössler

    (Medical University of Innsbruck)

  • Antonia Netzl

    (University of Cambridge, Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology)

  • Ludwig Knabl

    (Tyrolpath Obrist Brunhuber GmbH)

  • David Bante

    (Medical University of Innsbruck)

  • Samuel H. Wilks

    (University of Cambridge, Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology)

  • Wegene Borena

    (Medical University of Innsbruck)

  • Dorothee Laer

    (Medical University of Innsbruck)

  • Derek J. Smith

    (University of Cambridge, Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology)

  • Janine Kimpel

    (Medical University of Innsbruck)

Abstract

Since emergence of the initial SARS-CoV-2 BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 variants, Omicron has diversified substantially. Antigenic characterization of these new variants is important to analyze their potential immune escape from population immunity and implications for future vaccine composition. Here, we describe an antigenic map based on human single-exposure sera and live-virus isolates that includes a broad selection of recently emerged Omicron variants such as BA.2.75, BF.7, BQ, XBB and XBF variants. Recent Omicron variants clustered around BA.1 and BA.5 with some variants further extending the antigenic space. Based on this antigenic map we constructed antibody landscapes to describe neutralization profiles after booster immunization with bivalent mRNA vaccines based on ancestral virus and either BA.1 or BA.4/5. Immune escape of BA.2.75, BQ, XBB and XBF variants was also evident in bivalently boosted individuals, however, cross-neutralization was improved for those with hybrid immunity. Our results indicate that future vaccine updates are needed to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies against currently circulating variants.

Suggested Citation

  • Annika Rössler & Antonia Netzl & Ludwig Knabl & David Bante & Samuel H. Wilks & Wegene Borena & Dorothee Laer & Derek J. Smith & Janine Kimpel, 2023. "Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 neutralization profiles after bivalent boosting using antigenic cartography," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-41049-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41049-4
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    1. Khadija Khan & Farina Karim & Yashica Ganga & Mallory Bernstein & Zesuliwe Jule & Kajal Reedoy & Sandile Cele & Gila Lustig & Daniel Amoako & Nicole Wolter & Natasha Samsunder & Aida Sivro & James Emm, 2022. "Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. Raquel Viana & Sikhulile Moyo & Daniel G. Amoako & Houriiyah Tegally & Cathrine Scheepers & Christian L. Althaus & Ugochukwu J. Anyaneji & Phillip A. Bester & Maciej F. Boni & Mohammed Chand & Wonderf, 2022. "Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa," Nature, Nature, vol. 603(7902), pages 679-686, March.
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