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Broad protection against clade 1 sarbecoviruses after a single immunization with cocktail spike-protein-nanoparticle vaccine

Author

Listed:
  • Peter J. Halfmann

    (School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin)

  • Kathryn Loeffler

    (Georgia Institute of Technology)

  • Augustine Duffy

    (Georgia Institute of Technology)

  • Makoto Kuroda

    (School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin)

  • Jie E. Yang

    (University of Wisconsin
    University of Wisconsin
    University of Wisconsin)

  • Elizabeth R. Wright

    (University of Wisconsin
    University of Wisconsin
    University of Wisconsin)

  • Yoshihiro Kawaoka

    (School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin
    Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
    National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute
    Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), University of Tokyo)

  • Ravi S. Kane

    (Georgia Institute of Technology
    Georgia Institute of Technology)

Abstract

The 2002 SARS outbreak, the 2019 emergence of COVID-19, and the continuing evolution of immune-evading SARS-CoV-2 variants together highlight the need for a broadly protective vaccine against ACE2-utilizing sarbecoviruses. While updated variant-matched formulations are a step in the right direction, protection needs to extend beyond SARS-CoV-2 and its variants to include SARS-like viruses. Here, we introduce bivalent and trivalent vaccine formulations using our spike protein nanoparticle platform that completely protect female hamsters against BA.5 and XBB.1 challenges with no detectable virus in the lungs. The trivalent cocktails elicit highly neutralizing responses against all tested Omicron variants and the bat sarbecoviruses SHC014 and WIV1. Finally, our 614D/SHC014/XBB trivalent spike formulation completely protects human ACE2-transgenic female hamsters against challenges with WIV1 and SHC014 with no detectable virus in the lungs. Collectively, these results illustrate that our trivalent protein-nanoparticle cocktail can provide broad protection against SARS-CoV-2-like and SARS-CoV-1-like sarbecoviruses.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter J. Halfmann & Kathryn Loeffler & Augustine Duffy & Makoto Kuroda & Jie E. Yang & Elizabeth R. Wright & Yoshihiro Kawaoka & Ravi S. Kane, 2024. "Broad protection against clade 1 sarbecoviruses after a single immunization with cocktail spike-protein-nanoparticle vaccine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-45495-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45495-6
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