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Rapid gene content turnover on the germline-restricted chromosome in songbirds

Author

Listed:
  • Stephen A. Schlebusch

    (Charles University)

  • Jakub Rídl

    (Charles University
    Czech Academy of Sciences)

  • Manon Poignet

    (Charles University)

  • Francisco J. Ruiz-Ruano

    (University of East Anglia
    Uppsala University
    University of Bonn
    Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change)

  • Jiří Reif

    (Charles University
    Palacky University)

  • Petr Pajer

    (Military Medical Agency, Tychonova 1)

  • Jan Pačes

    (Czech Academy of Sciences)

  • Tomáš Albrecht

    (Charles University
    Czech Academy of Sciences)

  • Alexander Suh

    (University of East Anglia
    Uppsala University
    Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change)

  • Radka Reifová

    (Charles University)

Abstract

The germline-restricted chromosome (GRC) of songbirds represents a taxonomically widespread example of programmed DNA elimination. Despite its apparent indispensability, we still know very little about the GRC’s genetic composition, function, and evolutionary significance. Here we assemble the GRC in two closely related species, the common and thrush nightingale. In total we identify 192 genes across the two GRCs, with many of them present in multiple copies. Interestingly, the GRC appears to be under little selective pressure, with the genetic content differing dramatically between the two species and many GRC genes appearing to be pseudogenized fragments. Only one gene, cpeb1, has a complete coding region in all examined individuals of the two species and shows no copy number variation. The acquisition of this gene by the GRC corresponds with the earliest estimates of the GRC origin, making it a good candidate for the functional indispensability of the GRC in songbirds.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephen A. Schlebusch & Jakub Rídl & Manon Poignet & Francisco J. Ruiz-Ruano & Jiří Reif & Petr Pajer & Jan Pačes & Tomáš Albrecht & Alexander Suh & Radka Reifová, 2023. "Rapid gene content turnover on the germline-restricted chromosome in songbirds," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40308-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40308-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. W. Jetz & G. H. Thomas & J. B. Joy & K. Hartmann & A. O. Mooers, 2012. "The global diversity of birds in space and time," Nature, Nature, vol. 491(7424), pages 444-448, November.
    2. Cormac M. Kinsella & Francisco J. Ruiz-Ruano & Anne-Marie Dion-Côté & Alexander J. Charles & Toni I. Gossmann & Josefa Cabrero & Dennis Kappei & Nicola Hemmings & Mirre J. P. Simons & Juan Pedro M. Ca, 2019. "Programmed DNA elimination of germline development genes in songbirds," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
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