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Structural insights into the mechanism of overcoming Erm-mediated resistance by macrolides acting together with hygromycin-A

Author

Listed:
  • Chih-Wei Chen

    (University of Illinois at Chicago)

  • Nadja Leimer

    (Northeastern University)

  • Egor A. Syroegin

    (University of Illinois at Chicago)

  • Clémence Dunand

    (University of Illinois at Chicago)

  • Zackery P. Bulman

    (University of Illinois at Chicago)

  • Kim Lewis

    (Northeastern University)

  • Yury S. Polikanov

    (University of Illinois at Chicago
    University of Illinois at Chicago
    University of Illinois at Chicago)

  • Maxim S. Svetlov

    (University of Illinois at Chicago
    University of Illinois at Chicago)

Abstract

The ever-growing rise of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens is one of the top healthcare threats today. Although combination antibiotic therapies represent a potential approach to more efficiently combat infections caused by susceptible and drug-resistant bacteria, only a few known drug pairs exhibit synergy/cooperativity in killing bacteria. Here, we discover that well-known ribosomal antibiotics, hygromycin A (HygA) and macrolides, which target peptidyl transferase center and peptide exit tunnel, respectively, can act cooperatively against susceptible and drug-resistant bacteria. Remarkably, HygA slows down macrolide dissociation from the ribosome by 60-fold and enhances the otherwise weak antimicrobial activity of the newest-generation macrolide drugs known as ketolides against macrolide-resistant bacteria. By determining a set of high-resolution X-ray crystal structures of drug-sensitive wild-type and macrolide-resistant Erm-methylated 70S ribosomes in complex with three HygA-macrolide pairs, we provide a structural rationale for the binding cooperativity of these drugs and also uncover the molecular mechanism of overcoming Erm-type resistance by macrolides acting together with hygromycin A. Altogether our structural, biochemical, and microbiological findings lay the foundation for the subsequent development of synergistic antibiotic tandems with improved bactericidal properties against drug-resistant pathogens, including those expressing erm genes.

Suggested Citation

  • Chih-Wei Chen & Nadja Leimer & Egor A. Syroegin & Clémence Dunand & Zackery P. Bulman & Kim Lewis & Yury S. Polikanov & Maxim S. Svetlov, 2023. "Structural insights into the mechanism of overcoming Erm-mediated resistance by macrolides acting together with hygromycin-A," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-39653-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39653-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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