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Natural history of long-COVID in a nationwide, population cohort study

Author

Listed:
  • Claire E. Hastie

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB)

  • David J. Lowe

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB
    Queen Elizabeth University Hospital)

  • Andrew McAuley

    (Public Health Scotland, Meridian Court
    Glasgow Caledonian University)

  • Nicholas L. Mills

    (University of Edinburgh
    University of Edinburgh)

  • Andrew J. Winter

    (NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde)

  • Corri Black

    (University of Aberdeen AB25 2ZD
    Public Health Directorate, NHS Grampian)

  • Janet T. Scott

    (University of Glasgow)

  • Catherine A. O’Donnell

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB)

  • David N. Blane

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB)

  • Susan Browne

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB)

  • Tracy R. Ibbotson

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB)

  • Jill P. Pell

    (University of Glasgow G12 8TB)

Abstract

Previous studies on the natural history of long-COVID have been few and selective. Without comparison groups, disease progression cannot be differentiated from symptoms originating from other causes. The Long-COVID in Scotland Study (Long-CISS) is a Scotland-wide, general population cohort of adults who had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection matched to PCR-negative adults. Serial, self-completed, online questionnaires collected information on pre-existing health conditions and current health six, 12 and 18 months after index test. Of those with previous symptomatic infection, 35% reported persistent incomplete/no recovery, 12% improvement and 12% deterioration. At six and 12 months, one or more symptom was reported by 71.5% and 70.7% respectively of those previously infected, compared with 53.5% and 56.5% of those never infected. Altered taste, smell and confusion improved over time compared to the never infected group and adjusted for confounders. Conversely, late onset dry and productive cough, and hearing problems were more likely following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Suggested Citation

  • Claire E. Hastie & David J. Lowe & Andrew McAuley & Nicholas L. Mills & Andrew J. Winter & Corri Black & Janet T. Scott & Catherine A. O’Donnell & David N. Blane & Susan Browne & Tracy R. Ibbotson & J, 2023. "Natural history of long-COVID in a nationwide, population cohort study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-39193-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39193-y
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    as
    1. Claire E. Hastie & David J. Lowe & Andrew McAuley & Andrew J. Winter & Nicholas L. Mills & Corri Black & Janet T. Scott & Catherine A. O’Donnell & David N. Blane & Susan Browne & Tracy R. Ibbotson & J, 2022. "Author Correction: Outcomes among confirmed cases and a matched comparison group in the Long-COVID in Scotland study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-1, December.
    2. Claire E. Hastie & David J. Lowe & Andrew McAuley & Andrew J. Winter & Nicholas L. Mills & Corri Black & Janet T. Scott & Catherine A. O’Donnell & David N. Blane & Susan Browne & Tracy R. Ibbotson & J, 2022. "Outcomes among confirmed cases and a matched comparison group in the Long-COVID in Scotland study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Ellen J. Thompson & Dylan M. Williams & Alex J. Walker & Ruth E. Mitchell & Claire L. Niedzwiedz & Tiffany C. Yang & Charlotte F. Huggins & Alex S. F. Kwong & Richard J. Silverwood & Giorgio Di Gessa , 2022. "Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
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    1. Ivan Chun Hang Lam & Ran Zhang & Kenneth Keng Cheung Man & Carlos King Ho Wong & Celine Sze Ling Chui & Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai & Xue Li & Esther Wai Yin Chan & Chak Sing Lau & Ian Chi Kei Wong & Eric , 2024. "Persistence in risk and effect of COVID-19 vaccination on long-term health consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.

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