IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v14y2023i1d10.1038_s41467-023-38275-1.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 variant following booster vaccination or breakthrough infection in the UK

Author

Listed:
  • Jia Wei

    (University of Oxford
    University of Oxford)

  • Philippa C. Matthews

    (University of Oxford
    The Francis Crick Institute
    University College London)

  • Nicole Stoesser

    (University of Oxford
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital
    The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford
    The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford)

  • John N. Newton

    (University of Exeter)

  • Ian Diamond

    (Office for National Statistics)

  • Ruth Studley

    (Office for National Statistics)

  • Nick Taylor

    (Office for National Statistics)

  • John I. Bell

    (University of Oxford)

  • Jeremy Farrar

    (Wellcome Trust)

  • Jaison Kolenchery

    (University of Oxford
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital)

  • Brian D. Marsden

    (University of Oxford
    University of Oxford)

  • Sarah Hoosdally

    (University of Oxford)

  • E. Yvonne Jones

    (University of Oxford)

  • David I. Stuart

    (University of Oxford)

  • Derrick W. Crook

    (University of Oxford
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital
    The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford
    The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford)

  • Tim E. A. Peto

    (University of Oxford
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital
    The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford
    The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford)

  • A. Sarah Walker

    (University of Oxford
    University of Oxford
    The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford
    MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, UCL)

  • Koen B. Pouwels

    (The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford
    University of Oxford)

  • David W. Eyre

    (University of Oxford
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital
    The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford
    The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford)

Abstract

Following primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, whether boosters or breakthrough infections provide greater protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is incompletely understood. Here we investigated SARS-CoV-2 antibody correlates of protection against new Omicron BA.4/5 (re-)infections and anti-spike IgG antibody trajectories after a third/booster vaccination or breakthrough infection following second vaccination in 154,149 adults ≥18 y from the United Kingdom general population. Higher antibody levels were associated with increased protection against Omicron BA.4/5 infection and breakthrough infections were associated with higher levels of protection at any given antibody level than boosters. Breakthrough infections generated similar antibody levels to boosters, and the subsequent antibody declines were slightly slower than after boosters. Together our findings show breakthrough infection provides longer-lasting protection against further infections than booster vaccinations. Our findings, considered alongside the risks of severe infection and long-term consequences of infection, have important implications for vaccine policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Jia Wei & Philippa C. Matthews & Nicole Stoesser & John N. Newton & Ian Diamond & Ruth Studley & Nick Taylor & John I. Bell & Jeremy Farrar & Jaison Kolenchery & Brian D. Marsden & Sarah Hoosdally & E, 2023. "Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 variant following booster vaccination or breakthrough infection in the UK," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-38275-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38275-1
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38275-1
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-023-38275-1?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Simon N. Wood, 2006. "Low-Rank Scale-Invariant Tensor Product Smooths for Generalized Additive Mixed Models," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 62(4), pages 1025-1036, December.
    2. Simon N. Wood, 2003. "Thin plate regression splines," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 65(1), pages 95-114, February.
    3. Jia Wei & Philippa C. Matthews & Nicole Stoesser & Thomas Maddox & Luke Lorenzi & Ruth Studley & John I. Bell & John N. Newton & Jeremy Farrar & Ian Diamond & Emma Rourke & Alison Howarth & Brian D. M, 2021. "Anti-spike antibody response to natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Ellen J. Thompson & Dylan M. Williams & Alex J. Walker & Ruth E. Mitchell & Claire L. Niedzwiedz & Tiffany C. Yang & Charlotte F. Huggins & Alex S. F. Kwong & Richard J. Silverwood & Giorgio Di Gessa , 2022. "Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Georgios Gioldasis & Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni, 2020. "Model uncertainty, nonlinearities and out-of-sample comparison: evidence from international technology diffusion," Working Papers hal-02790523, HAL.
    2. Longhi, Christian & Musolesi, Antonio & Baumont, Catherine, 2014. "Modeling structural change in the European metropolitan areas during the process of economic integration," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 395-407.
    3. Gioldasis, Georgios & Musolesi, Antonio & Simioni, Michel, 2023. "Interactive R&D spillovers: An estimation strategy based on forecasting-driven model selection," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 144-169.
    4. Israel Martínez‐Hernández & Marc G. Genton, 2021. "Nonparametric trend estimation in functional time series with application to annual mortality rates," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 77(3), pages 866-878, September.
    5. Roman Matousek & Nickolaos G. Tzeremes, 2021. "The asymmetric impact of human capital on economic growth," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(3), pages 1309-1334, March.
    6. Fukuyama, Hirofumi & Matousek, Roman & Tzeremes, Nickolaos G., 2020. "A Nerlovian cost inefficiency two-stage DEA model for modeling banks’ production process: Evidence from the Turkish banking system," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    7. Øystein Sørensen & Anders M. Fjell & Kristine B. Walhovd, 2023. "Longitudinal Modeling of Age-Dependent Latent Traits with Generalized Additive Latent and Mixed Models," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 88(2), pages 456-486, June.
    8. Georgios Gioldasis & Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni, 2018. "Nonparametric estimation of international R&D spillovers," SEEDS Working Papers 0318, SEEDS, Sustainability Environmental Economics and Dynamics Studies, revised Mar 2018.
    9. Simon N. Wood & Zheyuan Li & Gavin Shaddick & Nicole H. Augustin, 2017. "Generalized Additive Models for Gigadata: Modeling the U.K. Black Smoke Network Daily Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 112(519), pages 1199-1210, July.
    10. Georgios Gioldasis & Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni, 2019. "Nonparametric estimation of R&D international spillovers," Post-Print hal-02789474, HAL.
    11. Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni & Georgios Gioldasis, 2018. "Nonparametric estimation of international R&D spillovers," Working Papers 2018037, University of Ferrara, Department of Economics.
    12. Zhao, Shi & Bakoyannis, Giorgos & Lourens, Spencer & Tu, Wanzhu, 2020. "Comparison of nonlinear curves and surfaces," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    13. Nickolaos G. Tzeremes, 2018. "Financial Development and Countries’ Production Efficiency: A Nonparametric Analysis," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-13, August.
    14. Georgios Gioldasis & Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni, 2020. "Model uncertainty, nonlinearities and out-of-sample comparison: evidence from international technology diffusion," SEEDS Working Papers 0120, SEEDS, Sustainability Environmental Economics and Dynamics Studies, revised Jan 2020.
    15. Georgios Gioldasis & Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni, 2021. "Interactive R&D Spillovers: An estimation strategy based on forecasting-driven model selection," SEEDS Working Papers 0621, SEEDS, Sustainability Environmental Economics and Dynamics Studies, revised Jun 2021.
    16. Georgios Gioldasis & Antonio Musolesi & Michel Simioni, 2021. "Interactive R&D Spillovers: an estimation strategy based on forecasting-driven model selection," Working Papers hal-03224910, HAL.
    17. David C. Broadstock & Shunsuke Managi & Roman Matousek & Nickolaos G. Tzeremes, 2019. "Does doing “good” always translate into doing “well”? An eco‐efficiency perspective," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(6), pages 1199-1217, September.
    18. Jaime Pinilla & Miguel Negrín, 2021. "Non-Parametric Generalized Additive Models as a Tool for Evaluating Policy Interventions," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-12, February.
    19. Lee, Wang-Sheng, 2014. "Big and Tall: Is there a Height Premium or Obesity Penalty in the Labor Market?," IZA Discussion Papers 8606, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Audrey C. Luo & Valerie J. Sydnor & Adam Pines & Bart Larsen & Aaron F. Alexander-Bloch & Matthew Cieslak & Sydney Covitz & Andrew A. Chen & Nathalia Bianchini Esper & Eric Feczko & Alexandre R. Franc, 2024. "Functional connectivity development along the sensorimotor-association axis enhances the cortical hierarchy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-38275-1. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.