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mRNA vaccines and hybrid immunity use different B cell germlines against Omicron BA.4 and BA.5

Author

Listed:
  • Emanuele Andreano

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Ida Paciello

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Giulio Pierleoni

    (VisMederi Research S.r.l.)

  • Giuseppe Maccari

    (Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Giada Antonelli

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Valentina Abbiento

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Piero Pileri

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Linda Benincasa

    (VisMederi Research S.r.l.)

  • Ginevra Giglioli

    (VisMederi Research S.r.l.)

  • Giulia Piccini

    (VisMederi S.r.l)

  • Concetta De Santi

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Claudia Sala

    (Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Duccio Medini

    (Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences)

  • Emanuele Montomoli

    (VisMederi Research S.r.l.
    VisMederi S.r.l
    University of Siena)

  • Piet Maes

    (Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology)

  • Rino Rappuoli

    (University of Siena
    Fondazione Biotecnopolo di Siena)

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 are characterized by high transmissibility and ability to escape natural and vaccine induced immunity. Here we test the neutralizing activity of 482 human monoclonal antibodies isolated from people who received two or three mRNA vaccine doses or from people vaccinated after infection. The BA.4 and BA.5 variants are neutralized only by approximately 15% of antibodies. Remarkably, the antibodies isolated after three vaccine doses target mainly the receptor binding domain Class 1/2, while antibodies isolated after infection recognize mostly the receptor binding domain Class 3 epitope region and the N-terminal domain. Different B cell germlines are used by the analyzed cohorts. The observation that mRNA vaccination and hybrid immunity elicit a different immunity against the same antigen is intriguing and its understanding may help to design the next generation of therapeutics and vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019.

Suggested Citation

  • Emanuele Andreano & Ida Paciello & Giulio Pierleoni & Giuseppe Maccari & Giada Antonelli & Valentina Abbiento & Piero Pileri & Linda Benincasa & Ginevra Giglioli & Giulia Piccini & Concetta De Santi &, 2023. "mRNA vaccines and hybrid immunity use different B cell germlines against Omicron BA.4 and BA.5," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-37422-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37422-y
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