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Optical quantum super-resolution imaging and hypothesis testing

Author

Listed:
  • Ugo Zanforlin

    (Heriot-Watt University)

  • Cosmo Lupo

    (Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico di Bari)

  • Peter W. R. Connolly

    (Heriot-Watt University)

  • Pieter Kok

    (The University of Sheffield)

  • Gerald S. Buller

    (Heriot-Watt University)

  • Zixin Huang

    (Macquarie University)

Abstract

Estimating the angular separation between two incoherent thermal sources is a challenging task for direct imaging, especially at lengths within the diffraction limit. Moreover, detecting the presence of multiple sources of different brightness is an even more severe challenge. We experimentally demonstrate two tasks for super-resolution imaging based on hypothesis testing and quantum metrology techniques. We can significantly reduce the error probability for detecting a weak secondary source, even for small separations. We reduce the experimental complexity to a simple interferometer: we show (1) our set-up is optimal for the state discrimination task, and (2) if the two sources are equally bright, then this measurement can super-resolve their angular separation. Using a collection baseline of 5.3 mm, we resolve the angular separation of two sources placed 15 μm apart at a distance of 1.0 m with a 1.7% accuracy - an almost 3-orders-of-magnitude improvement over shot-noise limited direct imaging.

Suggested Citation

  • Ugo Zanforlin & Cosmo Lupo & Peter W. R. Connolly & Pieter Kok & Gerald S. Buller & Zixin Huang, 2022. "Optical quantum super-resolution imaging and hypothesis testing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32977-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32977-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Catxere A. Casacio & Lars S. Madsen & Alex Terrasson & Muhammad Waleed & Kai Barnscheidt & Boris Hage & Michael A. Taylor & Warwick P. Bowen, 2021. "Quantum-enhanced nonlinear microscopy," Nature, Nature, vol. 594(7862), pages 201-206, June.
    3. S. Sallum & K. B. Follette & J. A. Eisner & L. M. Close & P. Hinz & K. Kratter & J. Males & A. Skemer & B. Macintosh & P. Tuthill & V. Bailey & D. Defrère & K. Morzinski & T. Rodigas & E. Spalding & A, 2015. "Accreting protoplanets in the LkCa 15 transition disk," Nature, Nature, vol. 527(7578), pages 342-344, November.
    4. Catxere A. Casacio & Lars S. Madsen & Alex Terrasson & Muhammad Waleed & Kai Barnscheidt & Boris Hage & Michael A. Taylor & Warwick P. Bowen, 2021. "Author Correction: Quantum-enhanced nonlinear microscopy," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7873), pages 12-12, August.
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