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BNT162b2-boosted immune responses six months after heterologous or homologous ChAdOx1nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination against COVID-19

Author

Listed:
  • Georg M. N. Behrens

    (Hannover Medical School
    Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig
    CiiM, Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine)

  • Joana Barros-Martins

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Anne Cossmann

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Gema Morillas Ramos

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Metodi V. Stankov

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Ivan Odak

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka

    (Hannover Medical School
    Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig)

  • Laura Hetzel

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Miriam Köhler

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Gwendolyn Patzer

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Christoph Binz

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Christiane Ritter

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Michaela Friedrichsen

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Christian Schultze-Florey

    (Hannover Medical School
    Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School)

  • Inga Ravens

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Stefanie Willenzon

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Anja Bubke

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Jasmin Ristenpart

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Anika Janssen

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • George Ssebyatika

    (University of Lübeck)

  • Verena Krähling

    (Philipps University Marburg
    Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen)

  • Günter Bernhardt

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Markus Hoffmann

    (German Primate Center
    Georg-August-University Göttingen)

  • Stefan Pöhlmann

    (German Primate Center
    Georg-August-University Göttingen)

  • Thomas Krey

    (University of Lübeck
    Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig and Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems)

  • Berislav Bošnjak

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Swantje I. Hammerschmidt

    (Hannover Medical School)

  • Reinhold Förster

    (Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig
    Hannover Medical School
    Hannover Medical School)

Abstract

Heterologous prime/boost vaccination with a vector-based approach (ChAdOx-1nCov-19, ChAd) followed by an mRNA vaccine (e.g. BNT162b2, BNT) has been reported to be superior in inducing protective immunity compared to repeated application of the same vaccine. However, data comparing immunity decline after homologous and heterologous vaccination as well as effects of a third vaccine application after heterologous ChAd/BNT vaccination are lacking. Here we show longitudinal monitoring of ChAd/ChAd (n = 41) and ChAd/BNT (n = 88) vaccinated individuals and the impact of a third vaccination with BNT. The third vaccination greatly augments waning anti-spike IgG but results in only moderate increase in spike-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cell numbers in both groups, compared to cell frequencies already present after the second vaccination in the ChAd/BNT group. More importantly, the third vaccination efficiently restores neutralizing antibody responses against the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants of the virus, but neutralizing activity against the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant remains severely impaired. In summary, inferior SARS-CoV-2 specific immune responses following homologous ChAd/ChAd vaccination can be compensated by heterologous BNT vaccination, which might influence the choice of vaccine type for subsequent vaccination boosts.

Suggested Citation

  • Georg M. N. Behrens & Joana Barros-Martins & Anne Cossmann & Gema Morillas Ramos & Metodi V. Stankov & Ivan Odak & Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka & Laura Hetzel & Miriam Köhler & Gwendolyn Patzer & Christo, 2022. "BNT162b2-boosted immune responses six months after heterologous or homologous ChAdOx1nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination against COVID-19," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32527-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32527-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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