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Potential fire risks in South America under anthropogenic forcing hidden by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

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  • Yanfeng Wang

    (Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Ping Huang

    (Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

Fires in South America have profound effects on climate change and air quality. Although anthropogenic forcing has exacerbated drought and fire risks, the fire emissions and aerosol pollution in the southern Amazon and the Pantanal region showed a consistent long-term decrease during the dry season (August–October) between 2003 and 2019. Here, we find that the decreasing trend in fire emissions, mainly located in the non-deforested region, was associated with climatic conditions unfavorable for intensifying and spreading fires, including increased humidity and slower surface wind speed. These climatic trends can be attributed to weakening of the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, which has strengthened the northeast trade winds within the region (3°S–13°N) and the northwest winds east of the Andes that transport more moisture into the southern Amazon and the Pantanal region. Our findings show the mitigating effects of weakening of the positive Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation phase on human-induced intensification of fire risks in South America and warn of potentially increased risks of fires and aerosol pollution under intensified anthropogenic forcing in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Yanfeng Wang & Ping Huang, 2022. "Potential fire risks in South America under anthropogenic forcing hidden by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30104-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30104-1
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