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A pair of non-Mendelian genes at the Ga2 locus confer unilateral cross-incompatibility in maize

Author

Listed:
  • Zhibin Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Zhaogui Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Huairen Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Kai Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Darun Cai

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Li Zhao

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Juan Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Huabang Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

Maize unilateral cross-incompatibility (UCI) that causes non-Mendelian segregation ratios has been documented for more than a century. Ga1, Ga2, and Tcb1 are three major UCI systems, described but not fully understood. Here, we report comprehensive genetic studies on the Ga2 locus and map-based cloning of the tightly linked male determinant ZmGa2P and female determinant ZmGa2F that govern pollen-silk compatibility among different maize genotypes. Both determinants encode putative pectin methylesterases (PME). A significantly higher degree of methyl esterification is detected in the apical region of pollen tubes growing in incompatible silks. No direct interaction between ZmGa2P and ZmGa2F is detected in the yeast two-hybrid system implying a distinct mechanism from that of self-incompatibility (SI). We also demonstrate the feasibility of Ga2 as a reproductive barrier in commercial breeding programs and stacking Ga2 with Ga1 could strengthen the UCI market potentials.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhibin Chen & Zhaogui Zhang & Huairen Zhang & Kai Li & Darun Cai & Li Zhao & Juan Liu & Huabang Chen, 2022. "A pair of non-Mendelian genes at the Ga2 locus confer unilateral cross-incompatibility in maize," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-29729-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29729-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yinping Jiao & Paul Peluso & Jinghua Shi & Tiffany Liang & Michelle C. Stitzer & Bo Wang & Michael S. Campbell & Joshua C. Stein & Xuehong Wei & Chen-Shan Chin & Katherine Guill & Michael Regulski & S, 2017. "Improved maize reference genome with single-molecule technologies," Nature, Nature, vol. 546(7659), pages 524-527, June.
    2. Zhaogui Zhang & Baocai Zhang & Zhibin Chen & Dongmei Zhang & Huairen Zhang & Hang Wang & Yu’e Zhang & Darun Cai & Juan Liu & Senlin Xiao & Yanqing Huo & Jie Liu & Lanjun Zhang & Mingming Wang & Xu Liu, 2018. "A PECTIN METHYLESTERASE gene at the maize Ga1 locus confers male function in unilateral cross-incompatibility," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Steven G. Thomas & Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong, 2004. "Self-incompatibility triggers programmed cell death in Papaver pollen," Nature, Nature, vol. 429(6989), pages 305-309, May.
    4. Yongxian Lu & Samuel A. Hokin & Jerry L. Kermicle & Thomas Hartwig & Mathew M. S. Evans, 2019. "A pistil-expressed pectin methylesterase confers cross-incompatibility between strains of Zea mays," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
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