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Neutralization against Omicron SARS-CoV-2 from previous non-Omicron infection

Author

Listed:
  • Jing Zou

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Hongjie Xia

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Xuping Xie

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Chaitanya Kurhade

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Rafael R. G. Machado

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Scott C. Weaver

    (University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Ping Ren

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Pei-Yong Shi

    (University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

Abstract

The spread of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant underscores the importance of analyzing the cross-protection from previous non-Omicron infection. We have developed a high-throughput neutralization assay for Omicron SARS-CoV-2 by engineering the Omicron spike gene into an mNeonGreen USA-WA1/2020 SARS-CoV-2 (isolated in January 2020). Using this assay, we determine the neutralization titers (defined as the maximal serum dilution that inhibited 50% of infectious virus) of patient sera collected at 1- or 6-months after infection with non-Omicron SARS-CoV-2. From 1- to 6-month post-infection, the neutralization titers against USA-WA1/2020 decrease from 601 to 142 (a 4.2-fold reduction), while the neutralization titers against Omicron-spike SARS-CoV-2 remain low at 38 and 32, respectively. Thus, at 1- and 6-months after non-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection, the neutralization titers against Omicron are 15.8- and 4.4-fold lower than those against USA-WA1/2020, respectively. The low cross-neutralization against Omicron from previous non-Omicron infection supports vaccination of formerly infected individuals to mitigate the health impact of the ongoing Omicron surge.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Zou & Hongjie Xia & Xuping Xie & Chaitanya Kurhade & Rafael R. G. Machado & Scott C. Weaver & Ping Ren & Pei-Yong Shi, 2022. "Neutralization against Omicron SARS-CoV-2 from previous non-Omicron infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-4, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28544-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28544-w
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    as
    1. Zhiqiang Ku & Xuping Xie & Edgar Davidson & Xiaohua Ye & Hang Su & Vineet D. Menachery & Yize Li & Zihao Yuan & Xianwen Zhang & Antonio E. Muruato & Ariadna Grinyo i Escuer & Breanna Tyrell & Kyle Doo, 2021. "Author Correction: Molecular determinants and mechanism for antibody cocktail preventing SARS-CoV-2 escape," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-1, December.
    2. Antonio E. Muruato & Camila R. Fontes-Garfias & Ping Ren & Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco & Vineet D. Menachery & Xuping Xie & Pei-Yong Shi, 2020. "A high-throughput neutralizing antibody assay for COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccine evaluation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-6, December.
    3. Zhiqiang Ku & Xuping Xie & Edgar Davidson & Xiaohua Ye & Hang Su & Vineet D. Menachery & Yize Li & Zihao Yuan & Xianwen Zhang & Antonio E. Muruato & Ariadna Grinyo i Escuer & Breanna Tyrell & Kyle Doo, 2021. "Molecular determinants and mechanism for antibody cocktail preventing SARS-CoV-2 escape," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chaitanya Kurhade & Jing Zou & Hongjie Xia & Hui Cai & Qi Yang & Mark Cutler & David Cooper & Alexander Muik & Kathrin U. Jansen & Xuping Xie & Kena A. Swanson & Pei‑Yong Shi, 2022. "Neutralization of Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.3 SARS-CoV-2 by 3 doses of BNT162b2 vaccine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-4, December.
    2. Jing Zou & Chaitanya Kurhade & Hongjie Xia & Mingru Liu & Xuping Xie & Ping Ren & Pei-Yong Shi, 2022. "Cross-neutralization of Omicron BA.1 against BA.2 and BA.3 SARS-CoV-2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-5, December.

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