IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v13y2022i1d10.1038_s41467-022-28527-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Population antibody responses following COVID-19 vaccination in 212,102 individuals

Author

Listed:
  • Helen Ward

    (Imperial College London
    Imperial College London
    Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
    National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Matthew Whitaker

    (Imperial College London)

  • Barnaby Flower

    (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
    Imperial College London)

  • Sonja N. Tang

    (Imperial College London)

  • Christina Atchison

    (Imperial College London)

  • Ara Darzi

    (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
    Institute of Global Health Innovation at Imperial College London)

  • Christl A. Donnelly

    (Imperial College London
    Imperial College London
    University of Oxford)

  • Alexandra Cann

    (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
    Imperial College London)

  • Peter J. Diggle

    (Lancaster University)

  • Deborah Ashby

    (Imperial College London)

  • Steven Riley

    (Imperial College London
    Imperial College London)

  • Wendy S. Barclay

    (Imperial College London)

  • Paul Elliott

    (Imperial College London
    Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
    National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre
    School of Public Health, Imperial College London)

  • Graham S. Cooke

    (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
    National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre
    Imperial College London)

Abstract

Population antibody surveillance helps track immune responses to COVID-19 vaccinations at scale, and identify host factors that may affect antibody production. We analyse data from 212,102 vaccinated individuals within the REACT-2 programme in England, which uses self-administered lateral flow antibody tests in sequential cross-sectional community samples; 71,923 (33.9%) received at least one dose of BNT162b2 vaccine and 139,067 (65.6%) received ChAdOx1. For both vaccines, antibody positivity peaks 4-5 weeks after first dose and then declines. At least 21 days after second dose of BNT162b2, close to 100% of respondents test positive, while for ChAdOx1, this is significantly reduced, particularly in the oldest age groups (72.7% [70.9–74.4] at ages 75 years and above). For both vaccines, antibody positivity decreases with age, and is higher in females and those with previous infection. Antibody positivity is lower in transplant recipients, obese individuals, smokers and those with specific comorbidities. These groups will benefit from additional vaccine doses.

Suggested Citation

  • Helen Ward & Matthew Whitaker & Barnaby Flower & Sonja N. Tang & Christina Atchison & Ara Darzi & Christl A. Donnelly & Alexandra Cann & Peter J. Diggle & Deborah Ashby & Steven Riley & Wendy S. Barcl, 2022. "Population antibody responses following COVID-19 vaccination in 212,102 individuals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-6, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28527-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28527-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-28527-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-022-28527-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jackson S. Turner & Wooseob Kim & Elizaveta Kalaidina & Charles W. Goss & Adriana M. Rauseo & Aaron J. Schmitz & Lena Hansen & Alem Haile & Michael K. Klebert & Iskra Pusic & Jane A. O’Halloran & Rach, 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans," Nature, Nature, vol. 595(7867), pages 421-425, July.
    2. Dami A. Collier & Isabella A. T. M. Ferreira & Prasanti Kotagiri & Rawlings P. Datir & Eleanor Y. Lim & Emma Touizer & Bo Meng & Adam Abdullahi & Anne Elmer & Nathalie Kingston & Barbara Graves & Emma, 2021. "Age-related immune response heterogeneity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7872), pages 417-422, August.
    3. Delphine Planas & David Veyer & Artem Baidaliuk & Isabelle Staropoli & Florence Guivel-Benhassine & Maaran Michael Rajah & Cyril Planchais & Françoise Porrot & Nicolas Robillard & Julien Puech & Matth, 2021. "Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7871), pages 276-280, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Matthew Whitaker & Bethan Davies & Christina Atchison & Wendy Barclay & Deborah Ashby & Ara Darzi & Steven Riley & Graham Cooke & Christl A. Donnelly & Marc Chadeau-Hyam & Paul Elliott & Helen Ward, 2023. "SARS-CoV-2 rapid antibody test results and subsequent risk of hospitalisation and death in 361,801 people," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. John S. Kim & Yifei Sun & Pallavi Balte & Mary Cushman & Rebekah Boyle & Russell P. Tracy & Linda M. Styer & Taison D. Bell & Michaela R. Anderson & Norrina B. Allen & Pamela J. Schreiner & Russell P., 2024. "Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 Antibody Response Among Vaccinated US Adults: the C4R Study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Laura Pérez-Alós & Cecilie Bo Hansen & Jose Juan Almagro Armenteros & Johannes Roth Madsen & Line Dam Heftdal & Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch & Mia Marie Pries-Heje & Rafael Bayarri-Olmos & Ida Jarlhelt & Seb, 2023. "Previous immunity shapes immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination and Omicron breakthrough infection risk," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Laurent Renia & Yun Shan Goh & Angeline Rouers & Nina Bert & Wan Ni Chia & Jean-Marc Chavatte & Siew‐Wai Fong & Zi Wei Chang & Nicole Ziyi Zhuo & Matthew Zirui Tay & Yi-Hao Chan & Chee Wah Tan & Nicho, 2022. "Lower vaccine-acquired immunity in the elderly population following two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination is alleviated by a third vaccine dose," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Byung Uk Lee, 2021. "Why Does the SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC Spread So Rapidly? Universal Conditions for the Rapid Spread of Respiratory Viruses, Minimum Viral Loads for Viral Aerosol Generation, Effects of Vaccination on Viral," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-6, September.
    3. Haogao Gu & Ahmed Abdul Quadeer & Pavithra Krishnan & Daisy Y. M. Ng & Lydia D. J. Chang & Gigi Y. Z. Liu & Samuel M. S. Cheng & Tommy T. Y. Lam & Malik Peiris & Matthew R. McKay & Leo L. M. Poon, 2023. "Within-host genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Haisheng Yu & Banghui Liu & Yudi Zhang & Xijie Gao & Qian Wang & Haitao Xiang & Xiaofang Peng & Caixia Xie & Yaping Wang & Peiyu Hu & Jingrong Shi & Quan Shi & Pingqian Zheng & Chengqian Feng & Guofan, 2023. "Somatically hypermutated antibodies isolated from SARS-CoV-2 Delta infected patients cross-neutralize heterologous variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    5. Kevin J. Kramer & Erin M. Wilfong & Kelsey Voss & Sierra M. Barone & Andrea R. Shiakolas & Nagarajan Raju & Caroline E. Roe & Naveenchandra Suryadevara & Lauren M. Walker & Steven C. Wall & Ariana Pau, 2022. "Single-cell profiling of the antigen-specific response to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.
    6. Yin-Feng Kang & Cong Sun & Jing Sun & Chu Xie & Zhen Zhuang & Hui-Qin Xu & Zheng Liu & Yi-Hao Liu & Sui Peng & Run-Yu Yuan & Jin-Cun Zhao & Mu-Sheng Zeng, 2022. "Quadrivalent mosaic HexaPro-bearing nanoparticle vaccine protects against infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Haofeng Wang & Qi Yang & Xiaoce Liu & Zili Xu & Maolin Shao & Dongxu Li & Yinkai Duan & Jielin Tang & Xianqiang Yu & Yumin Zhang & Aihua Hao & Yajie Wang & Jie Chen & Chenghao Zhu & Luke Guddat & Hong, 2023. "Structure-based discovery of dual pathway inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 entry," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    8. Daiki Yamaguchi & Odgerel Chimed-Ochir & Yui Yumiya & Eisaku Kishita & Tomoyuki Akita & Junko Tanaka & Tatsuhiko Kubo, 2024. "Potential Risk Factors to COVID-19 Severity: Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Delta- and Omicron-Dominant Periods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(3), pages 1-11, March.
    9. Wang, Jian & Jiang, Wenjing & Wu, Xinpei & Yang, Mengdie & Shao, Wei, 2023. "Role of vaccine in fighting the variants of COVID-19," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    10. Rajeshwer S. Sankhala & Kerri G. Lal & Jaime L. Jensen & Vincent Dussupt & Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera & Hongjun Bai & Lindsay Wieczorek & Sandra V. Mayer & Michelle Zemil & Danielle A. Wagner & Samantha , 2024. "Diverse array of neutralizing antibodies elicited upon Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle vaccination in rhesus macaques," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    11. de León, Ugo Avila-Ponce & Avila-Vales, Eric & Huang, Kuan-lin, 2022. "Modeling COVID-19 dynamic using a two-strain model with vaccination," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    12. Peter Radvak & Hyung-Joon Kwon & Martina Kosikova & Uriel Ortega-Rodriguez & Ruoxuan Xiang & Je-Nie Phue & Rong-Fong Shen & James Rozzelle & Neeraj Kapoor & Taylor Rabara & Jeff Fairman & Hang Xie, 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 (alpha) and B.1.351 (beta) variants induce pathogenic patterns in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice distinct from early strains," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, December.
    13. Christelle Baunez & Michaël Degoulet & Stéphane Luchini & Patrick A. Pintus, 2021. "COVID-19 Acceleration and Vaccine Status in France - Summer 2021," AMSE Working Papers 2141, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France.
    14. James W. Saville & Dhiraj Mannar & Xing Zhu & Shanti S. Srivastava & Alison M. Berezuk & Jean-Philippe Demers & Steven Zhou & Katharine S. Tuttle & Inna Sekirov & Andrew Kim & Wei Li & Dimiter S. Dimi, 2022. "Structural and biochemical rationale for enhanced spike protein fitness in delta and kappa SARS-CoV-2 variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    15. Carolin M. Lieber & Robert M. Cox & Julien Sourimant & Josef D. Wolf & Kate Juergens & Quynh Phung & Manohar T. Saindane & Meghan K. Smith & Zachary M. Sticher & Alexander A. Kalykhalov & Michael G. N, 2022. "SARS-CoV-2 VOC type and biological sex affect molnupiravir efficacy in severe COVID-19 dwarf hamster model," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    16. Delphine Planas & Isabelle Staropoli & Vincent Michel & Frederic Lemoine & Flora Donati & Matthieu Prot & Francoise Porrot & Florence Guivel-Benhassine & Banujaa Jeyarajah & Angela Brisebarre & Océane, 2024. "Distinct evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB and BA.2.86/JN.1 lineages combining increased fitness and antibody evasion," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    17. Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez & Grace O. Ciabattoni & Ralf Duerr & Ana M. Valero-Jimenez & Stephen T. Yeung & Keaton M. Crosse & Austin R. Schinlever & Lucie Bernard-Raichon & Joaquin Rodriguez Galvan , 2023. "A neonatal mouse model characterizes transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 variants and reveals a role for ORF8," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    18. Lei Peng & Yingxia Hu & Madeleine C. Mankowski & Ping Ren & Rita E. Chen & Jin Wei & Min Zhao & Tongqing Li & Therese Tripler & Lupeng Ye & Ryan D. Chow & Zhenhao Fang & Chunxiang Wu & Matthew B. Dong, 2022. "Monospecific and bispecific monoclonal SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies that maintain potency against B.1.617," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-18, December.
    19. Fatemeh Mohebbi & Alex Zelikovsky & Serghei Mangul & Gerardo Chowell & Pavel Skums, 2024. "Early detection of emerging viral variants through analysis of community structure of coordinated substitution networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    20. Mingxi Li & Yifei Ren & Zhen Qin Aw & Bo Chen & Ziqing Yang & Yuqing Lei & Lin Cheng & Qingtai Liang & Junxian Hong & Yiling Yang & Jing Chen & Yi Hao Wong & Jing Wei & Sisi Shan & Senyan Zhang & Jiwa, 2022. "Broadly neutralizing and protective nanobodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 and diverse sarbecoviruses," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28527-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.