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The formation of avian montane diversity across barriers and along elevational gradients

Author

Listed:
  • José Martín Pujolar

    (University of Copenhagen
    Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Kemitorvet)

  • Mozes P. K. Blom

    (Swedish Museum of Natural History
    Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung)

  • Andrew Hart Reeve

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Jonathan D. Kennedy

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Petter Zahl Marki

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Thorfinn S. Korneliussen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Benjamin G. Freeman

    (Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia)

  • Katerina Sam

    (Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology
    University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science)

  • Ethan Linck

    (University of New Mexico)

  • Tri Haryoko

    (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN))

  • Bulisa Iova

    (Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery)

  • Bonny Koane

    (The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre)

  • Gibson Maiah

    (The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre)

  • Luda Paul

    (The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre)

  • Martin Irestedt

    (Swedish Museum of Natural History)

  • Knud Andreas Jønsson

    (University of Copenhagen)

Abstract

Tropical mountains harbor exceptional concentrations of Earth’s biodiversity. In topographically complex landscapes, montane species typically inhabit multiple mountainous regions, but are absent in intervening lowland environments. Here we report a comparative analysis of genome-wide DNA polymorphism data for population pairs from eighteen Indo-Pacific bird species from the Moluccan islands of Buru and Seram and from across the island of New Guinea. We test how barrier strength and relative elevational distribution predict population differentiation, rates of historical gene flow, and changes in effective population sizes through time. We find population differentiation to be consistently and positively correlated with barrier strength and a species’ altitudinal floor. Additionally, we find that Pleistocene climate oscillations have had a dramatic influence on the demographics of all species but were most pronounced in regions of smaller geographic area. Surprisingly, even the most divergent taxon pairs at the highest elevations experience gene flow across barriers, implying that dispersal between montane regions is important for the formation of montane assemblages.

Suggested Citation

  • José Martín Pujolar & Mozes P. K. Blom & Andrew Hart Reeve & Jonathan D. Kennedy & Petter Zahl Marki & Thorfinn S. Korneliussen & Benjamin G. Freeman & Katerina Sam & Ethan Linck & Tri Haryoko & Bulis, 2022. "The formation of avian montane diversity across barriers and along elevational gradients," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27858-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27858-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael Doebeli & Ulf Dieckmann, 2003. "Speciation along environmental gradients," Nature, Nature, vol. 421(6920), pages 259-264, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrew Hart Reeve & Jonathan David Kennedy & José Martín Pujolar & Bent Petersen & Mozes P. K. Blom & Per Alström & Tri Haryoko & Per G. P. Ericson & Martin Irestedt & Johan A. A. Nylander & Knud Andr, 2023. "The formation of the Indo-Pacific montane avifauna," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.

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