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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) protects Syrian hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 and B.1.1.7

Author

Listed:
  • Robert J. Fischer

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Neeltje van Doremalen

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Danielle R. Adney

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Claude Kwe Yinda

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Julia R. Port

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Myndi G. Holbrook

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Jonathan E. Schulz

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Brandi N. Williamson

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Tina Thomas

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Kent Barbian

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Sarah L. Anzick

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Stacy Ricklefs

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Brian J. Smith

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Dan Long

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Craig Martens

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Greg Saturday

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Emmie de Wit

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Sarah C. Gilbert

    (University of Oxford)

  • Teresa Lambe

    (University of Oxford)

  • Vincent J. Munster

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

Abstract

We investigated ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 in Syrian hamsters. We previously showed protection against SARS-CoV-2 disease and pneumonia in hamsters vaccinated with a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Here, we observe a 9.5-fold reduction of virus neutralizing antibody titer in vaccinated hamster sera against B.1.351 compared to B.1.1.7. Vaccinated hamsters challenged with B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 do not lose weight compared to control animals. In contrast to control animals, the lungs of vaccinated animals do not show any gross lesions. Minimal to no viral subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) and no infectious virus can be detected in lungs of vaccinated animals. Histopathological evaluation shows extensive pulmonary pathology caused by B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 replication in the control animals, but none in the vaccinated animals. These data demonstrate the effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against clinical disease caused by B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 VOCs.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert J. Fischer & Neeltje van Doremalen & Danielle R. Adney & Claude Kwe Yinda & Julia R. Port & Myndi G. Holbrook & Jonathan E. Schulz & Brandi N. Williamson & Tina Thomas & Kent Barbian & Sarah L., 2021. "ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) protects Syrian hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 and B.1.1.7," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-26178-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26178-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ugur Sahin & Alexander Muik & Evelyna Derhovanessian & Isabel Vogler & Lena M. Kranz & Mathias Vormehr & Alina Baum & Kristen Pascal & Jasmin Quandt & Daniel Maurus & Sebastian Brachtendorf & Verena L, 2020. "COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b1 elicits human antibody and TH1 T cell responses," Nature, Nature, vol. 586(7830), pages 594-599, October.
    2. Neeltje van Doremalen & Teresa Lambe & Alexandra Spencer & Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer & Jyothi N. Purushotham & Julia R. Port & Victoria A. Avanzato & Trenton Bushmaker & Amy Flaxman & Marta Ulaszewsk, 2020. "ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques," Nature, Nature, vol. 586(7830), pages 578-582, October.
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