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Munkanélküliség és diplomás túltermelés
[Unemployment and overproduction of graduates]

Author

Listed:
  • Falusné Szikra, Katalin

Abstract

A második világháborút követően számos országban sikerült a munkanélküliséget az úgynevezett súrlódásos munkanélküliség szintjére leszorítani. Az 1970-es évektől azonban a munkanélküliségi ráta ismét megugrott, és a foglalkoztatás jellege is teljesen átalakult. A dolgozó nem ragaszkodhat többé egy adott munkahelyhez. Egyeseknek részidős munkahellyel is be kell érniük. A munkát kereső sokszor csak önfoglalkoztatóként tud tevékenykedni. A tartós munkanélküliség fő okának egészen a legutóbbi időkig a szakemberek jelentős része a munkanélküliek iskolázatlanságát, alacsony képzettségét tartotta. Ezt az újabb vizsgálódások nem igazolták. A tartós munkanélküliség szorosabb kapcsolatot mutat a fizikai és a mentális egészségi állapottal, mint a képzettséggel. A foglalkoztatásban komoly gondot okoz, hogy a - felsőfokú oktatás rohamos bővülése következtében - egyre több fiatal kényszerül képzettségénél alacsonyabb szintű állást elfogadni. ,,A fiatalok 50 százalékának diplomát" jelszó a szerző szerint ezért még távolabbi célként is hibás. A magyar gazdaságnak a közeljövőben nem túl nagy számú, magasan képzett specialistára és nagyszámú, de nem különösebben magas képzettségű dolgozóra lesz szüksége. Ebből következik, hogy a középiskola és a középiskolát követő egy-két éves iskolai rendszerű akkreditált felsőfokú szakképzés fejlesztendő a leginkább.

Suggested Citation

  • Falusné Szikra, Katalin, 2001. "Munkanélküliség és diplomás túltermelés [Unemployment and overproduction of graduates]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(11), pages 950-964.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:425
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Blanchard, Olivier & Wolfers, Justin, 2000. "The Role of Shocks and Institutions in the Rise of European Unemployment: The Aggregate Evidence," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 110(462), pages 1-33, March.
    2. Falusné Szikra, Katalin, 1997. "Munkanélküliség és képzettség. A magasan fejlett országok tapasztalatai nyomán [Unemployment and qualification. Experiences of the highly developed countries]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(12), pages 1047-1059.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J44 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations

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