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Optimal transport strategies for European cities

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  • Anthony May
  • Simon Shepherd
  • Paul Timms

Abstract

A new procedure for generating optimal transport strategies has been applied in nine European cities. A public sector objective function which reflects concerns over efficiency, environmental impact, finance and sustainability is specified and a set of policy measures with acceptable ranges on each, identified. Optimal strategies based on combinations of these policy measures which generate the optimal value of the objective function, are identified, and compared between cities. Resulting policy recommendations are presented. The results demonstrate the importance of an integrated approach to transport strategy formulation. They emphasise the role of changes in public transport service levels and of fares, and of charges for car use. By contrast, new infrastructure projects are less frequently justified. In the majority of cities the revenues from car use charges are sufficient to finance other elements in the strategy. However, private sector involvement either in initial financing or in operation may be desirable. Revised objective functions to reflect private sector involvement are specified, and optimal strategies with private sector operation of public transport are also identified. The requirement to meet private sector rates of return for public transport operation typically results in lower frequencies and higher fares; charges for car use then need to be raised to satisfy public policy objectives, but system performance is reduced. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony May & Simon Shepherd & Paul Timms, 2000. "Optimal transport strategies for European cities," Transportation, Springer, vol. 27(3), pages 285-315, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:27:y:2000:i:3:p:285-315
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1005274015858
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Snow, Arthur & Warren, Ronald Jr., 1996. "The marginal welfare cost of public funds: Theory and estimates," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 289-305, August.
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    1. May, A. D. & Shepherd, S. P. & Minken, H. & Markussen, T. & Emberger, G. & Pfaffenbichler, P., 2001. "The use of response surfaces in specifying transport strategies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 8(4), pages 267-278, October.
    2. Berrittella, Maria & Certa, Antonella & Enea, Mario & Zito, Pietro, 2007. "An Analytic Hierarchy Process for The Evaluation of Transport Policies to Reduce Climate Change Impacts," Climate Change Modelling and Policy Working Papers 10264, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    3. Romanika Okraszewska & Aleksandra Romanowska & Marcin Wołek & Jacek Oskarbski & Krystian Birr & Kazimierz Jamroz, 2018. "Integration of a Multilevel Transport System Model into Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-20, February.
    4. Mark W Horner, 2002. "Extensions to the Concept of Excess Commuting," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 34(3), pages 543-566, March.
    5. May, A. D. & Jopson, A. F. & Matthews, B., 2003. "Research challenges in urban transport policy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 157-164, July.
    6. Páez, Antonio & Trépanier, Martin & Morency, Catherine, 2012. "Modeling isoexposure to transit users for market potential analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(10), pages 1517-1527.
    7. Maria Berrittella & A. Certa & M. Enea & P. Zito, 2007. "An Analytic Hierarchy Process for The Evaluation of Transport Policies to Reduce Climate Change Impacts," Working Papers 2007.12, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    8. Marsden, Greg & Rye, Tom, 2010. "The governance of transport and climate change," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 18(6), pages 669-678.
    9. Giovanni Circella, 2006. "Towards the adoption of technological innovations: decision processes in transport policy definition," ERSA conference papers ersa06p556, European Regional Science Association.
    10. Zhang, Xiaoyan & Paulley, Neil & Hudson, Mark & Rhys-Tyler, Glyn, 2006. "A method for the design of optimal transport strategies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 329-338, July.
    11. Jacek Oskarbski & Krystian Birr & Karol Żarski, 2021. "Bicycle Traffic Model for Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-36, September.
    12. Whalen, Kate E. & Páez, Antonio & Carrasco, Juan A., 2013. "Mode choice of university students commuting to school and the role of active travel," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 132-142.
    13. Páez, Antonio & Trépanier, Martin & Morency, Catherine, 2011. "Geodemographic analysis and the identification of potential business partnerships enabled by transit smart cards," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 45(7), pages 640-652, August.
    14. Moniruzzaman, Md & Páez, Antonio, 2012. "Accessibility to transit, by transit, and mode share: application of a logistic model with spatial filters," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 198-205.
    15. Gühnemann, Astrid & Koh, Andrew & Shepherd, Simon & Lawler, Mary, 2011. "Implications of interdependencies between charging strategies of local authorities for the protection of sensitive areas in the Trans-Pennine Corridor," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 42-52, January.

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