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Barriers to Internationalisation: A Study of Entrepreneurial New Ventures in New Zealand

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  • Vivienne Shaw
  • Jenny Darroch

Abstract

This paper presents the findings of a study of the perceptions of the barriers to internationalisation by 561 New Zealand Entrepreneurial New Ventures (ENVs). Significant differences in the perception of the barriers are identified according to the level of international activity of New Zealand ENVs. Exporters and likely exporters consider the main barriers to internationalisation to be finance and cost-related factors. A lack of New Zealand government incentives are also seen to be major barriers for these two groups with likely exporters also perceiving their lack of international experience to be a hindrance. By comparison non-exporters perceive firm size to be the biggest barrier to internationalisation followed by a lack of market knowledge and experience. Industry was found to have no influence on the perception of barriers to internationalisation, however, firm size does have an impact. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2004

Suggested Citation

  • Vivienne Shaw & Jenny Darroch, 2004. "Barriers to Internationalisation: A Study of Entrepreneurial New Ventures in New Zealand," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 2(4), pages 327-343, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jinten:v:2:y:2004:i:4:p:327-343
    DOI: 10.1007/s10843-004-0146-6
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    Cited by:

    1. Shaheer, Noman Ahmed & Li, Sali, 2020. "The CAGE around cyberspace? How digital innovations internationalize in a virtual world," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(1).
    2. Michelle Yang, K. & Tang, Jintong & Donbesuur, Francis & Adomako, Samuel, 2023. "Institutional support for entrepreneurship and new venture internationalization: Evidence from small firms in Ghana," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    3. Symeonidou, Noni & Bruneel, Johan & Autio, Erkko, 2017. "Commercialization strategy and internationalization outcomes in technology-based new ventures," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 302-317.
    4. Vijay Narayanan, 2015. "Export Barriers for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: A Literature Review based on Leonidou’s Model," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 3(2), pages 105-123.
    5. Stephan Gerschewski & Joanna Scott‐Kennel & Elizabeth L. Rose, 2020. "Ready to export? The role of export readiness for superior export performance of small and medium‐sized enterprises," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(5), pages 1253-1276, May.
    6. Eldrede Kahiya, 2013. "Export barriers and path to internationalization: A comparison of conventional enterprises and international new ventures," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 3-29, March.
    7. Abu Ayob & Shamshubaridah Ramlee & Aisyah Abdul Rahman, 2015. "Financial factors and export behavior of small and medium-sized enterprises in an emerging economy," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 49-66, March.
    8. Richard Fabling & Lynda Sanderson, 2010. "Entrepreneurship and aggregate merchandise trade growth in New Zealand," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 8(2), pages 182-199, June.
    9. Eldrede Kahiya & David Dean & Jeff Heyl, 2014. "Export barriers in a changing institutional environment: A quasi-longitudinal study of New Zealand’s manufacturing exporters," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 331-364, December.
    10. Yu Xie & Taewon Suh, 2014. "Perceived resource deficiency and internationalization of small- and medium-sized firms," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 207-229, September.
    11. Uner, M. Mithat & Kocak, Akin & Cavusgil, Erin & Cavusgil, Salih Tamer, 2013. "Do barriers to export vary for born globals and across stages of internationalization? An empirical inquiry in the emerging market of Turkey," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 800-813.
    12. Aleksandra Wąsowska, 2016. "Perception of Export Barriers at Different Stages of the Internatonalizaton Process - Evidence from European SMEs," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 12(4), pages 29-49.
    13. Nowinski, Witold & Rialp, Alex, 2013. "Drivers and strategies of international new ventures from a Central European transition economy," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 18(2), pages 191-231.
    14. Jones, Marian V. & Coviello, Nicole & Tang, Yee Kwan, 2011. "International Entrepreneurship research (1989–2009): A domain ontology and thematic analysis," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(6), pages 632-659.
    15. Hosseini, Sahab & Fallon, Grahame & Weerakkody, Vishanth & Sivarajah, Uthayasankar, 2019. "Cloud computing utilization and mitigation of informational and marketing barriers of the SMEs from the emerging markets: Evidence from Iran and Turkey," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 54-69.
    16. Indujeeva Peiris & Michèle Akoorie & Paresha Sinha, 2012. "International entrepreneurship: A critical analysis of studies in the past two decades and future directions for research," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 10(4), pages 279-324, December.
    17. Lasse Torkkeli & Kaisu Puumalainen & Sami Saarenketo & Olli Kuivalainen, 2012. "The effect of network competence and environmental hostility on the internationalization of SMEs," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 25-49, March.
    18. José Pinho & Lurdes Martins, 2010. "Exporting barriers: Insights from Portuguese small- and medium-sized exporters and non-exporters," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 8(3), pages 254-272, September.
    19. Cowie, Janelle, 2016. "He PÄ pori Hinonga Whakamoe: Exploring Contributions to the Indigenous Social Enterprise Network in New Zealand," MBA Research Papers 6138, Victoria University of Wellington, School of Management.
    20. Oparaocha, Gospel Onyema, 2015. "SMEs and international entrepreneurship: An institutional network perspective," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 861-873.
    21. Kahiya, Eldrede T., 2020. "Context in international business: Entrepreneurial internationalization from a distant small open economy," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(1).
    22. López, Dorotea & Muñoz, Felipe, 2021. "Trade finance constrains as a barrier for Chilean services internationalization," TEC Empresarial, School of Business, Costa Rica Institute of Technology (ITCR), vol. 15(1), pages 2-19.
    23. Cowie, Janelle, 2016. "He Pāpori Hinonga Whakamoe: Exploring Contributions to the Indigenous Social Enterprise Network in New Zealand," MBA Research Papers 20140, Victoria University of Wellington, School of Management.
    24. Beatriz Andres & Raul Poler & Eduardo Guzman, 2022. "The Influence of Collaboration on Enterprises Internationalization Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-23, February.
    25. Kahiya, Eldrede T., 2018. "Five decades of research on export barriers: Review and future directions," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(6), pages 1172-1188.

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