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Leaders’ Personal Wisdom and Leader–Member Exchange Quality: The Role of Individualized Consideration

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  • Hannes Zacher
  • Liane Pearce
  • David Rooney
  • Bernard McKenna

Abstract

Business scholars have recently proposed that the virtue of personal wisdom may predict leadership behaviors and the quality of leader–follower relationships. This study investigated relationships among leaders’ personal wisdom—defined as the integration of advanced cognitive, reflective, and affective personality characteristics (Ardelt, Hum Dev 47:257–285, 2004 )—transformational leadership behaviors, and leader–member exchange (LMX) quality. It was hypothesized that leaders’ personal wisdom positively predicts LMX quality and that intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration, two dimensions of transformational leadership, mediate this relationship. Data came from 75 religious leaders and 1–3 employees of each leader (N = 158). Results showed that leaders’ personal wisdom had a positive indirect effect on follower ratings of LMX quality through individualized consideration, even after controlling for Big Five personality traits, emotional intelligence, and narcissism. In contrast, intellectual stimulation and the other two dimensions of transformational leadership (idealized influence and inspirational motivation) did not mediate the positive relationship between leaders’ personal wisdom and LMX quality. Implications for future research on personal wisdom and leadership are discussed, and some tentative suggestions for leadership development are outlined. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • Hannes Zacher & Liane Pearce & David Rooney & Bernard McKenna, 2014. "Leaders’ Personal Wisdom and Leader–Member Exchange Quality: The Role of Individualized Consideration," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 121(2), pages 171-187, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:121:y:2014:i:2:p:171-187
    DOI: 10.1007/s10551-013-1692-4
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    Cited by:

    1. Qing Lu & Yonghong Liu & Xu Huang, 2020. "Follower Dependence, Independence, or Interdependence: A Multi-Foci Framework to Unpack the Mystery of Transformational Leadership Effects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-19, June.
    2. Jane X. J. Qiu & David Rooney, 2019. "Addressing Unintended Ethical Challenges of Workplace Mindfulness: A Four-Stage Mindfulness Development Model," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 157(3), pages 715-730, July.
    3. Claudius Bachmann & André Habisch & Claus Dierksmeier, 2018. "Practical Wisdom: Management’s No Longer Forgotten Virtue," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 153(1), pages 147-165, November.
    4. Lu Bostanli & Andre Habisch, 2023. "Narratives as a Tool for Practically Wise Leadership," Humanistic Management Journal, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 113-142, April.
    5. Shudi Liao & Xingchi Zhou & Zhiwen Guo & Zhifei Li, 2019. "How Does Leader Narcissism Influence Employee Voice: The Attribution of Leader Impression Management and Leader-Member Exchange," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-14, May.
    6. David Rooney & Wendelin Küpers & David Pauleen & Ekatarina Zhuravleva, 2021. "A Developmental Model for Educating Wise Leaders: The Role of Mindfulness and Habitus in Creating Time for Embodying Wisdom," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 170(1), pages 181-194, April.
    7. Bader Obeidat & Forat Hasan Alkhalafat & Nisrin Amira Abdallah Makahleh & Mohammed Ali Akour, 2019. "The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Enhancing Firm Performance: The Mediating Effect of Transformational Leadership," Journal of Business & Management (COES&RJ-JBM), , vol. 7(2), pages 162-191, April.
    8. Ajit Nayak, 2016. "Wisdom and the Tragic Question: Moral Learning and Emotional Perception in Leadership and Organisations," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 137(1), pages 1-13, August.
    9. Laura F. Sasse-Werhahn & Claudius Bachmann & André Habisch, 2020. "Managing Tensions in Corporate Sustainability Through a Practical Wisdom Lens," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 163(1), pages 53-66, April.
    10. Eko Yi Liao & Chun Hui, 2021. "A resource-based perspective on leader-member exchange: An updated meta-analysis," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 317-370, March.

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