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Imputation with the R Package VIM

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  • Kowarik, Alexander
  • Templ, Matthias

Abstract

The package VIM (Templ, Alfons, Kowarik, and Prantner 2016) is developed to explore and analyze the structure of missing values in data using visualization methods, to impute these missing values with the built-in imputation methods and to verify the imputation process using visualization tools, as well as to produce high-quality graphics for publications. This article focuses on the different imputation techniques available in the package. Four different imputation methods are currently implemented in VIM, namely hot-deck imputation, k-nearest neighbor imputation, regression imputation and iterative robust model-based imputation (Templ, Kowarik, and Filzmoser 2011). All of these methods are implemented in a flexible manner with many options for customization. Furthermore in this article practical examples are provided to highlight the use of the implemented methods on real-world applications. In addition, the graphical user interface of VIM has been re-implemented from scratch resulting in the package VIMGUI (Schopfhauser, Templ, Alfons, Kowarik, and Prantner 2016) to enable users without extensive R skills to access these imputation and visualization methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Kowarik, Alexander & Templ, Matthias, 2016. "Imputation with the R Package VIM," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 74(i07).
    • Handle: RePEc:jss:jstsof:v:074:i07
    DOI: http://hdl.handle.net/10.18637/jss.v074.i07
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. van Buuren, Stef & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Karin, 2011. "mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 45(i03).
    2. Alfons, Andreas & Templ, Matthias & Filzmoser, Peter, 2010. "An Object-Oriented Framework for Statistical Simulation: The R Package simFrame," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 37(i03).
    3. Daniel Schunk, 2008. "A Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for multiple imputation in large surveys," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer;German Statistical Society, vol. 92(1), pages 101-114, February.
    4. Iacus, Stefano M. & Porro, Giuseppe, 2007. "Missing data imputation, matching and other applications of random recursive partitioning," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 773-789, October.
    5. Matthias Templ & Andreas Alfons & Peter Filzmoser, 2012. "Exploring incomplete data using visualization techniques," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 6(1), pages 29-47, April.
    6. Honaker, James & King, Gary & Blackwell, Matthew, 2011. "Amelia II: A Program for Missing Data," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 45(i07).
    7. Alfons, Andreas & Templ, Matthias, 2013. "Estimation of Social Exclusion Indicators from Complex Surveys: The R Package laeken," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 54(i15).
    8. Crookston, Nicholas L. & Finley, Andrew O., 2008. "yaImpute: An R Package for kNN Imputation," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 23(i10).
    9. Josse, Julie & Husson, François, 2016. "missMDA: A Package for Handling Missing Values in Multivariate Data Analysis," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 70(i01).
    10. Templ, Matthias & Kowarik, Alexander & Filzmoser, Peter, 2011. "Iterative stepwise regression imputation using standard and robust methods," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(10), pages 2793-2806, October.
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