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Is-Yasam Dengesi Arayisinda Japonya: Is, Aile ve Yasam Alanlarina Dair Bir Degerlendirme

Author

Listed:
  • Sevilay Sahin-Soylemez

    (Istanbul Universitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu, Calisma Ekonomisi Tezli Yuksek Lisans Programi Mezunu, Istanbul, Turkiye)

  • Basak Isil Alpar

    (Istanbul Universitesi, Iktisat Fakultesi, Calisma Ekonomisi ve Endustri Iliskileri Bolumu, Istanbul, Turkiye)

Abstract

Is-yasam dengesi kavrami, gunumuzun hizli ve rekabetci yasam kosullarinda insani bir ihtiyac olarak ortaya cikmistir. Gunumuzde kapitalist sistemin isleyisi, is hayatinda oldugu gibi aile hayatinda ve genel olarak yasam uzerinde de etkilere sahiptir. Bu etki, kulturel farkliliklara aciktir. Kendine has calisma kulturu ile farklilasan Japonya da kapitalist isleyis mekanizmasinin kulturel etkilere acik bir ornegini teskil etmektedir. Japon hukumeti, is ve yasam alanlarina yonelik denge ihtiyacini yasal duzenlemeler ile asmaya calissa da, yerlesik calisma kulturu ilgili duzenlemelerin etkisini ciddi anlamda sinirlandirmaktadir. Nitekim is ve yasam alanlarinda basarili bir denge saglanamadigindan, soz konusu uyumsuzlugun sonuclari birey, toplum ve aile duzeyinde bir butun olarak ulke nufusunu etkilemektedir. Dolayisiyla bu calismanin kapsamina is-yasam dengesi, Japon calisma kulturu ve Japonya’nin is, aile ve yasam ile ilgili one cikan gostergeleri dâhil edilmistir. Bu baglamda calismanin amaci, is-yasam dengesi baglaminda kendine has calisma kulturu ile ozel bir ornek teskil eden Japonya’da is-yasam dengesine yonelik arayislari, guncel veriler sunan is, aile ve yasam gostergeleri uzerinden incelemektir. Yontem olarak konuya iliskin literatur taramasi yapilmis, son yillara ait mevcut ikincil verilerin analizi gerceklestirilmistir. Buna gore, Japonya’da is-yasam dengesi baglaminda uzun calisma saatlerinin bir yandan karoshi ve karojisatsu vakalarina neden oldugu, diger yandan ise aile ve yasam alanlari uzerinde son derece kuvvetli ve olumsuz etkileri oldugu tespit edilmistir. Bununla birlikte cinsiyete dayali esitsizlik ve cinsiyet rolleri baglaminda Japon kadinlar acisindan duzenli ve duzenli olmayan istihdamin kaniksanmis Japon calisma kulturu icinde bir ihtiyac olmakla birlikte, gelir baglaminda onemli bir dezavantaj olusturdugu belirlenmistir. Yasam ile ilgili gostergelerde istihdamdan bagimsiz olarak Japon kadinlarinin erkeklere nazaran daha fazla yuk altinda oldugu sonucuna varilmistir. Nitekim Japonya’da calisma hayati yayilma (tasma) teorisinin; aile ve ozel yasam alani ise catisma teorisinin argumanlarina uygun bir yapi sergilemektedir.

Suggested Citation

  • Sevilay Sahin-Soylemez & Basak Isil Alpar, 2022. "Is-Yasam Dengesi Arayisinda Japonya: Is, Aile ve Yasam Alanlarina Dair Bir Degerlendirme," Journal of Social Policy Conferences, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 0(82), pages 223-266, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ist:iujspc:v:0:y:2022:i:82:p:223-266
    DOI: 10.26650/jspc.2022.82.1087356
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    References listed on IDEAS

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