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Contracts, Biases, and Consumption of Access Services

Author

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  • Stephen Leider

    (Stephen M. Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109)

  • Özge Şahin

    (Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21202)

Abstract

We study theoretically and empirically the consumption of access services. We demonstrate that consumption is affected by contract structure (pay-per-use versus three-part tariffs) even if the optimal consumption plans are identical. We find that, although there is extensive individual heterogeneity, on average, consumers' choices follow a structure that is similar to a nearly optimal heuristic and correctly react to imbalances between the number of free calls and call opportunities remaining. However, consumers use the free units too quickly, leading to overconsumption and lost surplus. These errors are partially driven by mistaken beliefs about the value distribution. We also measure subjects' willingness to pay for a contract with free access units, and we find that nearly half of subjects are willing to pay at least the full per-unit price, with a substantial fraction willing to overpay. In response, the optimal firm strategy offers a three-part tariff at a very small discount, which increases revenue by 8%--14% compared to only offering a pay-per-use contract.Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1889 . This paper was accepted by Teck-Hua Ho, behavioral economics .

Suggested Citation

  • Stephen Leider & Özge Şahin, 2014. "Contracts, Biases, and Consumption of Access Services," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 60(9), pages 2198-2222, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormnsc:v:60:y:2014:i:9:p:2198-2222
    DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2013.1889
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    economics; behavior and behavioral decision making; marketing; pricing; microeconomics; intertemporal choice; decision analysis; applications; industrial organization; market structure; firm strategy; market performance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • D03 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying Principles
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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