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The next step: quantifying infrastructure interdependencies to improve security

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  • Rae Zimmerman
  • Carlos E. Restrepo

Abstract

Understanding cascading effects among interdependent infrastructure systems can have an important effect on public policies that aim to address vulnerabilities in critical infrastructures, especially those policies pertaining to infrastructure security. Efforts to quantify these cascading effects and illustrative examples of such metrics are presented. The first set of examples is based upon various impacts that the 14th August, 2003 blackout in the USA had on other sectors. A second set of examples is based on various electric power outages and their impact on other infrastructure systems collected from the authors' research. Although efforts to quantify cascading effects are challenging, given the nature of the data and its limited availability, research in this area can provide useful metrics.

Suggested Citation

  • Rae Zimmerman & Carlos E. Restrepo, 2006. "The next step: quantifying infrastructure interdependencies to improve security," International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 2(2/3), pages 215-230.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:2:y:2006:i:2/3:p:215-230
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Samiul Hasan & Greg Foliente, 2015. "Modeling infrastructure system interdependencies and socioeconomic impacts of failure in extreme events: emerging R&D challenges," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 78(3), pages 2143-2168, September.
    2. Chen, Shun & Zhao, Xudong & Chen, Zhilong & Hou, Benwei & Wu, Yipeng, 2022. "A game-theoretic method to optimize allocation of defensive resource to protect urban water treatment plants against physical attacks," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    3. Williams, James Bryan, 2021. "Critical flow centrality measures on interdependent networks with time-varying demands," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    4. Michaël Gonzva & Bruno Barroca & Pierre-Étienne Gautier & Youssef Diab, 2017. "Modeling disruptions causing domino effects in urban guided transport systems faced by flood hazards," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 86(1), pages 183-201, March.
    5. De Nicola, Antonio & Villani, Maria Luisa & Brugnoli, Maria Cristina & D'Agostino, Gregorio, 2016. "A methodology for modeling and measuring interdependencies of information and communications systems used for public administration and eGovernment services," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 14(C), pages 18-27.
    6. Jeffrey S. Simonoff & Carlos E. Restrepo & Rae Zimmerman, 2007. "Risk‐Management and Risk‐Analysis‐Based Decision Tools for Attacks on Electric Power," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(3), pages 547-570, June.
    7. Scott Thacker & Stuart Barr & Raghav Pant & Jim W. Hall & David Alderson, 2017. "Geographic Hotspots of Critical National Infrastructure," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(12), pages 2490-2505, December.
    8. Johansson, Jonas & Hassel, Henrik, 2010. "An approach for modelling interdependent infrastructures in the context of vulnerability analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 95(12), pages 1335-1344.
    9. Markolf, Samuel A. & Hoehne, Christopher & Fraser, Andrew & Chester, Mikhail V. & Underwood, B. Shane, 2019. "Transportation resilience to climate change and extreme weather events – Beyond risk and robustness," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 174-186.
    10. Thomas J. Wilbanks & Rae Zimmerman & Susan Julius & Paul Kirshen & Joel B. Smith & Richard Moss & William Solecki & Matthias Ruth & Stephen Conrad & Steven J. Fernandez & Michael S. Matthews & Michael, 2020. "Toward indicators of the performance of US infrastructures under climate change risks," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 163(4), pages 1795-1813, December.
    11. Utne, I.B. & Hokstad, P. & Vatn, J., 2011. "A method for risk modeling of interdependencies in critical infrastructures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 96(6), pages 671-678.
    12. Rae Zimmerman & Quanyan Zhu & Carolyn Dimitri, 2016. "Promoting resilience for food, energy, and water interdependencies," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 6(1), pages 50-61, March.
    13. Joost R. Santos & Mark J. Orsi & Erik J. Bond, 2009. "Pandemic Recovery Analysis Using the Dynamic Inoperability Input‐Output Model," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(12), pages 1743-1758, December.
    14. Laugé, Ana & Hernantes, Josune & Sarriegi, Jose M., 2015. "Critical infrastructure dependencies: A holistic, dynamic and quantitative approach," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 16-23.
    15. Rae Zimmerman, 2009. "Making Infrastructure Competitive in an Urban World," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 626(1), pages 226-241, November.
    16. Zhang, Yanlu & Yang, Naiding, 2018. "Vulnerability analysis of interdependent R&D networks under risk cascading propagation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 505(C), pages 1056-1068.

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