IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gei/jnlfer/v4y2019i1p19-30.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Determinants of Economic Stability through Female Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Malik Shahzad Shabbir, Aniqa Zeb

    (University of Lahore)

Abstract

The objective of this study is to capture a nexus between economic stability and female unemployment in Pakistan. Since economic stability enables macro-economic objectives such as sustainable growth, it creates conductive environment for employment. This study used foreign direct investment (FDI), consumer price index (CPI), fiscal deficit, debt to GDP, interest rate and exchange rate regarded as indicators of economic stability. Whereas, time series data for the period from 1973 to 2015 has employed through Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillip-Perron and unit roots tests are applied to check the stationarity of the data. It has found that data is a mix of level I(0) and 1st difference I(1), which further justify us to apply auto regressor distributed lags (ARDL) bound testing approach for results. The Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) technique has applied for the short run dynamics of the models. However, CPI has positive and significant relationship with female unemployment in Pakistan. Whereas, exchange rate has negative related with female unemployment. Moreover, it is highly recommended to maintain economic stability through monetary and fiscal policy mechanism and there is also a dire need to formulate gender sensitive policies to create more employment opportunities to female labour force in the economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Malik Shahzad Shabbir, Aniqa Zeb, 2019. "Determinants of Economic Stability through Female Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan," Journal of Finance and Economics Research, Geist Science, Iqra University, Faculty of Business Administration, vol. 4(1), pages 19-30, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gei:jnlfer:v:4:y:2019:i:1:p:19-30
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://geistscience.com/JFER/Issue1-19/Article4/JFER1904102.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Benedikt Heid & Mario Larch, 2012. "International Trade and Unemployment: A Quantitative Framework," CESifo Working Paper Series 4013, CESifo.
    2. Horst Feldmann, 2013. "Real Interest Rate and Labor Market Performance around the World," Southern Economic Journal, Southern Economic Association, vol. 79(3), pages 659-679, January.
    3. Ms. Katrin Elborgh-Woytek & Ms. Monique Newiak & Ms. Kalpana Kochhar & Ms. Stefania Fabrizio & Mr. Kangni R Kpodar & Mr. Philippe Wingender & Mr. Benedict J. Clements & Mr. Gerd Schwartz, 2013. "Women, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity," IMF Staff Discussion Notes 2013/010, International Monetary Fund.
    4. Elissa Braunstein & Stephanie Seguino, 2018. "The impact of economic policy and structural change on gender employment inequality in Latin America, 1990–2010," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 6(3), pages 307–332-3, July.
    5. Hakan Berument & Nukhet Dogan & Aysit Tansel, 2004. "Economic Performance and Unemployment: Evidence from an Emerging Economy - Turkey," Working Papers 0409, Economic Research Forum, revised 01 Aug 2004.
    6. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    7. Katrin Elborgh-Woytek & Monique Newiak & Kalpana Kochhar & Stefania Fabrizio & Kangni R Kpodar & Philippe Wingender & Benedict J. Clements & Gerd Schwartz, 2013. "Women, Work, and the Economy; Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity," IMF Staff Discussion Notes 13/10, International Monetary Fund.
    8. Mahpara Begum Sadaquat & Qurra‐tul‐ain Ali Sheikh, 2011. "Employment situation of women in Pakistan," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 38(2), pages 98-113, January.
    9. Horst Feldmann, 2013. "Real Interest Rate and Labor Market Performance around the World," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 79(3), pages 659-679, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Abdulkadri, Abdullahi & Gény, Lydia Rosa & Stuart, Sheila, 2018. "Advancing the economic empowerment and autonomy of women in the Caribbean through the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development," Studies and Perspectives – ECLAC Subregional Headquarters for The Caribbean 43232, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    2. Ostry, Jonathan D. & Espinoza, Raphael & Papageorgiou, Chris, 2019. "The Armistice of the Sexes: Gender Complementarities in the Production Function," CEPR Discussion Papers 13792, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Doerr, Annabelle, 2017. "Back to work: The Long-term Effects of Vocational Training for Female Job Returners," VfS Annual Conference 2017 (Vienna): Alternative Structures for Money and Banking 168213, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    4. Isabel Pardo-Garcia & Francisco Escribano Sotos, 2014. "Participation of Women in the Labor Market in Europe and Informal Care Hours," Business and Management Research, Business and Management Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 3(4), pages 73-81, December.
    5. Bönke, Timm & Harnack, Astrid & Wetter, Miriam, 2019. "Wer gewinnt? Wer verliert? Die Entwicklung auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt seit den frühen Jahren der Bundesrepublik bis heute," Discussion Papers 2019/4, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics.
    6. Camila Uribe Mejía, 2014. "Bancarización y Empoderamiento Femenino," Documentos CEDE 11001, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    7. Sunimalee Madurawala, 2017. "Labour Force Participation by Women and Inclusive Growth," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 18(2), pages 214-229, September.
    8. Thomas, Margo & Córdova-Novion, César & de Haan, Arjan & de León, Gimena & Forest, Maxime & Iyer, Sandhya S., 2018. "Gender mainstreaming: A strategic approach," Economics Discussion Papers 2018-61, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    9. Efobi, Uchenna & Tanankem, Belmondo & Asongu, Simplice, 2016. "Technological Advancement and the Evolving Gender Identities: A Focus on the Level of Female Economic Participation in Sub-Saharan Africa," MPRA Paper 77306, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Lakshmi Balachandran Nair, 2024. "Mrs. Dalloway and the Shecession: The Interconnectedness and Intersectionalities of Care Ethics and Social Time During the Pandemic," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 194(1), pages 1-18, September.
    11. Taniya Ghosh & Sanika Sulochani Ramanayake, 2018. "Women empowerment and good times: Which one leads to the other?," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2018-004, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    12. Jialu Liu & Siqi Pei & Xiaoquan (Michael) Zhang, 2024. "Online Food Delivery Platforms and Female Labor Force Participation," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 35(3), pages 1074-1091, September.
    13. Serrano, Joaquín & Gasparini, Leonardo & Marchionni, Mariana & Glüzmann, Pablo, 2019. "Economic cycle and deceleration of female labor force participation in Latin America," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 53(1), pages 1-13.
    14. Oren Griffiths & Lynette Roberts & Josh Price, 2019. "Desirable leadership attributes are preferentially associated with women: A quantitative study of gender and leadership roles in the Australian workforce," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 44(1), pages 32-49, February.
    15. Sanika Sulochani Ramanayake & Taniya Ghosh, 2017. "Role of Gender Gap in Economic Growth: Analysis on Developing Countries versus OECD Countries," Working Papers id:11690, eSocialSciences.
    16. Tendai Zawaira & Manoel Bittencourt & Matthew W. Clance, 2018. "Gender Inequality and Marketisation Hypothesis in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers 201876, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    17. Palacio, Andrés, 2018. "The Social Capability Index and Income Convergence," Lund Papers in Economic History 184, Lund University, Department of Economic History.
    18. Purva Khera, 2018. "Closing Gender Gaps in India: Does Increasing Womens’ Access to Finance Help?," IMF Working Papers 2018/212, International Monetary Fund.
    19. Jackson, Emerson Abraham, 2019. "Global Perspectives on Gender Sensitivity and Economic Benefits," MPRA Paper 101788, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 27 May 2020.
    20. Ms. Sonali Jain-Chandra & Ms. Kalpana Kochhar & Ms. Monique Newiak & Yang Yang & Ms. Edda Zoli, 2018. "Gender Equality: Which Policies Have the Biggest Bang for the Buck?," IMF Working Papers 2018/105, International Monetary Fund.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gei:jnlfer:v:4:y:2019:i:1:p:19-30. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Imtiaz ARIF (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://geistscience.com/JFER/index.php .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.