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Participation of Women in the Labor Market in Europe and Informal Care Hours

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  • Isabel Pardo-Garcia
  • Francisco Escribano Sotos

Abstract

An analysis was made of the effect of providing informal care, in terms of the weekly work hours, on middle-aged women in Europe aged between 30 and 59 years, using as reference subjects women aged between 20 and 29 years. The data come from the eight European Community Household Panel surveys (ECHP). We compared the group of women caregivers and noncaregivers using a zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression model. The results show that caring for dependents reduces weekly work hours, especially in southern European countries. eir becoming entrepreneurs. Five plots are identified- the women who positioned themselves as the creators of their businesses; those who define themselves as artists, those who assumed a position of co-author; those who described themselves as a ¡®responsible wife¡¯; those who defined themselves as belonging to the second generation. In fact becoming a woman entrepreneur implies a process of learning and enacting behaviors, discourses and competent participation in a local community. The narratives of becoming a woman entrepreneur are analyzed in relation to two dimensions- temporality and accountability.??

Suggested Citation

  • Isabel Pardo-Garcia & Francisco Escribano Sotos, 2014. "Participation of Women in the Labor Market in Europe and Informal Care Hours," Business and Management Research, Business and Management Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 3(4), pages 73-81, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:jfr:bmr111:v:3:y:2014:i:4:p:73-81
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ms. Katrin Elborgh-Woytek & Ms. Monique Newiak & Ms. Kalpana Kochhar & Ms. Stefania Fabrizio & Mr. Kangni R Kpodar & Mr. Philippe Wingender & Mr. Benedict J. Clements & Mr. Gerd Schwartz, 2013. "Women, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity," IMF Staff Discussion Notes 2013/010, International Monetary Fund.
    2. Katrin Elborgh-Woytek & Monique Newiak & Kalpana Kochhar & Stefania Fabrizio & Kangni R Kpodar & Philippe Wingender & Benedict J. Clements & Gerd Schwartz, 2013. "Women, Work, and the Economy; Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity," IMF Staff Discussion Notes 13/10, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Heitmueller, Axel, 2007. "The chicken or the egg?: Endogeneity in labour market participation of informal carers in England," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 536-559, May.
    4. Bolin, K. & Lindgren, B. & Lundborg, P., 2008. "Your next of kin or your own career?: Caring and working among the 50+ of Europe," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 718-738, May.
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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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