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The Effectiveness of Planning Control on Urban Growth: Evidence from Hangzhou, China

Author

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  • Yizhou Wu

    (Department of Urban Planning, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Peilei Fan

    (School of Planning, Design, and Construction & Center of Global Change and Earth Observation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA)

  • Bo Li

    (Land resource management center, Chengdu Hi-Tech development zone committee, Chengdu 610041, China)

  • Zutao Ouyang

    (Center of Global Change and Earth Observation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA)

  • Yong Liu

    (College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)

  • Heyuan You

    (School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China)

Abstract

Urban sprawl presents a serious challenge for sustainable urban land use. Urban planning attempts to guarantee sustainable urban development and proper use of land resources. However, a large gap usually exists between planning and actual development. This paper aims to analyze the evolutionary characteristics of urban form and the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban planning from 1964 to 2013, using the case of Hangzhou, China. We proposed a framework that included remote sensing, landscape metrics, and control effectiveness indexes. The results indicated that urban planning failed to perform effectively in Hangzhou, reflected by the uncontrolled urban sprawl during all the planning periods. The low effectiveness of planning was resulted from multiple factors, including historical economic events that made expansion unexpected, functional orientation of planning which drove fragmented suburbanization, the ineffective methods for forecasting population and land use, and the influences by the market forces. The findings deepen the understanding of the impacts of urban planning, and provide references for making rational urban management decisions and sustainable urban land management.

Suggested Citation

  • Yizhou Wu & Peilei Fan & Bo Li & Zutao Ouyang & Yong Liu & Heyuan You, 2017. "The Effectiveness of Planning Control on Urban Growth: Evidence from Hangzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:5:p:855-:d:99161
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Long Zhou & Yao Wu & Tom Woodfin & Rong Zhu & Tian Chen, 2018. "An Approach to Evaluate Comprehensive Plan and Identify Priority Lands for Future Land Use Development to Conserve More Ecological Values," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, January.
    6. Sidong Zhao & Xingping Wang & Xuefeng Hu & Dongxue Li, 2020. "Evaluation Research on Planning Implementation of Chinese Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zones along the Belt and Road: Evidence from Longjiang Industrial Park, Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-22, October.
    7. Guan Li & Liping Wang & Cifang Wu & Zhongguo Xu & Yuefei Zhuo & Xiaoqiang Shen, 2022. "Spatial Planning Implementation Effectiveness: Review and Research Prospects," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-20, August.
    8. Dong Chen & Rongrong Liu & Maoxian Zhou, 2023. "Delineation of Urban Growth Boundary Based on Habitat Quality and Carbon Storage: A Case Study of Weiyuan County in Gansu, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-17, May.
    9. Guan Li & Zhongguo Xu & Cifang Wu & Yuefei Zhuo & Xinhua Tong & Yanfei Wei & Xiaoqiang Shen, 2019. "Inside or Outside? The Impact Factors of Zoning–Land Use Mismatch," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-25, December.
    10. Wang, Jian & Wu, Qun & Yan, Siqi & Guo, Guancheng & Peng, Shangui, 2020. "China’s local governments breaking the land use planning quota: A strategic interaction perspective," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    11. Yizhou Wu & Xiaohong Zheng & Li Sheng & Heyuan You, 2020. "Exploring the Equity and Spatial Evidence of Educational Facilities in Hangzhou, China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 151(3), pages 1075-1096, October.
    12. Zheng Li & Ruoyao Tang & Hanbin Qiu & Linwei Ma, 2023. "Smart Energy Urban Agglomerations in China: The Driving Mechanism, Basic Concepts, and Indicator Evaluation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-23, August.
    13. Raquel Faria de Deus & José António Tenedório & Denise Pumain & Jorge Rocha & Margarida Pereira, 2023. "100 Years of Land-Use and Land-Cover Data: What Has Been the Effect of Spatial Planning in Coastal Land-Use and Land-Cover Change?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-20, May.
    14. Yizhou Wu & Peilei Fan & Heyuan You, 2018. "Spatial Evolution of Producer Service Sectors and Its Influencing Factors in Cities: A Case Study of Hangzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-23, March.

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