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Examining the Association between Physical Characteristics of Green Space and Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Ulsan, Korea

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  • Jong-Hwa Park

    (School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 689-798, Korea)

  • Gi-Hyoug Cho

    (School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 689-798, Korea)

Abstract

The rapid increase of impervious surfaces and the dense development that accompanies urban growth has reduced the amount of green space in urban landscapes and increased urban surface temperatures. Accordingly, the greening of urban spaces has been proposed as one approach to mitigating urban heat island (UHI) effects. To find the most practical green space design for reducing land surface temperatures (LSTs), we explored the effects of the physical characteristics of green spaces on cooling intensity and distance. The physical characteristics of green spaces were defined as shape, size, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and the land-use type of their surroundings. LANDSAT 8 images were used to examine 30 green spaces in Ulsan, Korea. The analytical results showed that the cooling effect was mainly observed within 120 m of a green area and that the intensity of the cooling effects did not exceed 3.0 K. A belt-shaped green space had a greater cooling distance compared to a compact green space. We also found that the NDVI and size of a green space had a positive but non-linear association with cooling intensity.

Suggested Citation

  • Jong-Hwa Park & Gi-Hyoug Cho, 2016. "Examining the Association between Physical Characteristics of Green Space and Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Ulsan, Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:8:p:777-:d:75617
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Hyungkyoo Kim & Seung-Nam Kim, 2017. "The Seasonal and Diurnal Influence of Surrounding Land Use on Temperature: Findings from Seoul, South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-15, August.
    8. Mingjun Sun & Xinyi Zhao & Yun Wang & Zeqi Ren & Xin Fu, 2023. "Factors Affecting the High-Intensity Cooling Distance of Urban Green Spaces: A Case Study of Xi’an, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-13, April.
    9. Minjun Kim & Dongbeom Kim & Geunhan Kim, 2022. "Examining the Relationship between Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Models: A Case Study of Seoul, South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.
    10. Yoonku Kwon & Shinha Joo & Soyoung Han & Chan Park, 2017. "Mapping the Distribution Pattern of Gentrification near Urban Parks in the Case of Gyeongui Line Forest Park, Seoul, Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-17, February.

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