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Examining the Relationship between Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Models: A Case Study of Seoul, South Korea

Author

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  • Minjun Kim

    (Department of Environmental Planning, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong 30147, Republic of Korea)

  • Dongbeom Kim

    (Technical Research Institute NEGGA Co., Ltd., Seoul 07220, Republic of Korea)

  • Geunhan Kim

    (Department of Environmental Planning, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong 30147, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Understanding the relationship between land use/land cover (LULC) and land surface temperature (LST) has long been an area of interest in urban and environmental study fields. To examine this, existing studies have utilized both white-box and black-box approaches, including regression, decision tree, and artificial intelligence models. To overcome the limitations of previous models, this study adopted the explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach in examining the relationships between LULC and LST. By integrating the XGBoost and SHAP model, we developed the LST prediction model in Seoul and estimated the LST reduction effects after specific LULC changes. Results showed that the prediction accuracy of LST was maximized when landscape, topographic, and LULC features within a 150 m buffer radius were adopted as independent variables. Specifically, the existence of surrounding built-up and vegetation areas were found to be the most influencing factors in explaining LST. In this study, after the LULC changes from expressway to green areas, approximately 1.5 °C of decreasing LST was predicted. The findings of our study can be utilized for assessing and monitoring the thermal environmental impact of urban planning and projects. Also, this study can contribute to determining the priorities of different policy measures for improving the thermal environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Minjun Kim & Dongbeom Kim & Geunhan Kim, 2022. "Examining the Relationship between Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Models: A Case Study of Seoul, South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15926-:d:987977
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sami Ben Jabeur & Salma Mefteh-Wali & Jean-Laurent Viviani, 2021. "Forecasting gold price with the XGBoost algorithm and SHAP interaction values," Post-Print hal-03331805, HAL.
    2. Jonathan A. Patz & Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum & Tracey Holloway & Jonathan A. Foley, 2005. "Impact of regional climate change on human health," Nature, Nature, vol. 438(7066), pages 310-317, November.
    3. Jong-Hwa Park & Gi-Hyoug Cho, 2016. "Examining the Association between Physical Characteristics of Green Space and Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Ulsan, Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-16, August.
    4. Yiwen Han & Youngkeun Song & Lindsay Burnette & David Lammers, 2017. "Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Formation of Informal Settlements in a Metropolitan Fringe: Seoul (1950–2015)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-18, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Minjun Kim & Dongbeom Kim & Daeyong Jin & Geunhan Kim, 2023. "Application of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in Urban Growth Modeling: A Case Study of Seoul Metropolitan Area, Korea," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-17, February.

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