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Biochar Application in Malaysian Sandy and Acid Sulfate Soils: Soil Amelioration Effects and Improved Crop Production over Two Cropping Seasons

Author

Listed:
  • Theeba Manickam

    (Crop and Soil Science Research Center, Malaysia Agriculture Research and Development Institute Malaysia (MARDI), Jalan Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43000 Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Gerard Cornelissen

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930 Ullevål Stadion, N-0806 Oslo, Norway
    Institute for Plant and Environmental Sciences (NMBU), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 5003 Ås, Norway
    Department of Applied Environmental Sciences (ITM), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Robert T. Bachmann

    (Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology (UNIKL-MICET), 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Illani Z. Ibrahim

    (Crop and Soil Science Research Center, Malaysia Agriculture Research and Development Institute Malaysia (MARDI), Jalan Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43000 Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Jan Mulder

    (Institute for Plant and Environmental Sciences (NMBU), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 5003 Ås, Norway)

  • Sarah E. Hale

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930 Ullevål Stadion, N-0806 Oslo, Norway)

Abstract

The use of biochar as an agricultural soil improvement was tested in acid sulfate and sandy soils from Malaysia, cropped with rice and corn. Malaysia has an abundance of waste rice husks that could be used to produce biochar. Rice husk biochar was produced in a gasifier at a local mill in Kelantan as well as in the laboratory using a controlled, specially designed, top lift up draft system (Belonio unit). Rice husk biochar was applied once to both soils at two doses (2% and 5%), in a pot set up that was carried out for two cropping seasons. Positive and significant crop yield effects were observed for both soils, biochars and crops. The yield effects varied with biochar type and dosage, with soil type and over the cropping seasons. The yield increases observed for the sandy soil were tentatively attributed to significant increases in plant-available water contents (from 4%–5% to 7%–8%). The yield effects in the acid sulfate soil were likely a consequence of a combination of (i) alleviation of plant root stress by aluminum (Ca/Al molar ratios significantly increased, from around 1 to 3–5) and (ii) increases in CEC. The agricultural benefits of rice husk biochar application to Malaysian soils holds promise for its future use.

Suggested Citation

  • Theeba Manickam & Gerard Cornelissen & Robert T. Bachmann & Illani Z. Ibrahim & Jan Mulder & Sarah E. Hale, 2015. "Biochar Application in Malaysian Sandy and Acid Sulfate Soils: Soil Amelioration Effects and Improved Crop Production over Two Cropping Seasons," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(12), pages 1-15, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:7:y:2015:i:12:p:15842-16770:d:60882
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shackley, Simon & Carter, Sarah & Knowles, Tony & Middelink, Erik & Haefele, Stephan & Sohi, Saran & Cross, Andrew & Haszeldine, Stuart, 2012. "Sustainable gasification–biochar systems? A case-study of rice-husk gasification in Cambodia, Part I: Context, chemical properties, environmental and health and safety issues," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 49-58.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ahmad Numery Ashfaqul Haque & Md. Kamal Uddin & Muhammad Firdaus Sulaiman & Adibah Mohd Amin & Mahmud Hossain & Zakaria M. Solaiman & Mehnaz Mosharrof, 2022. "Rice Growth Performance, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Changes in Soil Properties Influenced by Biochar under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.
    2. Mulyadi & Ligeng Jiang, 2023. "The Combined Application of Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Enhanced the Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil and Rice Productivity in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Shakeel Ahmad Bhat & Alban Kuriqi & Mehraj U. Din Dar & Owais Bhat & Saad Sh. Sammen & Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam & Ahmed Elbeltagi & Owais Shah & Nadhir AI-Ansari & Rawshan Ali & Salim Heddam, 2022. "Application of Biochar for Improving Physical, Chemical, and Hydrological Soil Properties: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Nur Saidahtul Nadiah Harun & Noraini Md. Jaafar & Siti Zaharah Sakimin, 2021. "The Effects of Rice Husk Biochar Rate on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Growth of Soursop ( Annona muricata L.) Seedlings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-11, February.

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