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Sustainable Production of Activated Carbon from Waste Wood Using Goethite Iron Ore

Author

Listed:
  • William Spencer

    (Harry Butler Institute (Centre for Water Energy and Waste), College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia)

  • Don Ibana

    (Harry Butler Institute (Centre for Water Energy and Waste), College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia)

  • Pritam Singh

    (Harry Butler Institute (Centre for Water Energy and Waste), College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia)

  • Aleksandar N. Nikoloski

    (Harry Butler Institute (Centre for Water Energy and Waste), College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia)

Abstract

The growing demand for eco-friendly activated carbon necessitates sustainable production methods. This study investigates the conversion of waste wood into activated carbon using goethite iron ore as an activating agent. A high-temperature rotary furnace was used to activate the carbon at 1373 K. The oxygen released from the iron oxide during the heat treatment reacted with the carbon in the wood, resulting in 49% of activated carbon with BET surface areas between 684 m 2 /g and 770 m 2 /g. The activated carbon and char showed type I isotherms with micropore areas between 600 m 2 /g and 668 m 2 /g, respectively. Additionally, 92% of the iron in the ore was reduced from ferric to ferrous. The findings demonstrate that goethite iron ore is an effective activating agent for producing wood-based activated carbon while also generating metallic iron as a byproduct. This alternative activation method enhances the sustainability and efficiency of activated carbon production.

Suggested Citation

  • William Spencer & Don Ibana & Pritam Singh & Aleksandar N. Nikoloski, 2025. "Sustainable Production of Activated Carbon from Waste Wood Using Goethite Iron Ore," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:2:p:681-:d:1568670
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. William Spencer & Don Ibana & Pritam Singh & Aleksandar N. Nikoloski, 2024. "Effect of Surface Area, Particle Size and Acid Washing on the Quality of Activated Carbon Derived from Lower Rank Coal by KOH Activation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Yuanyuan Fang & Denise Mauzerall & Junfeng Liu & Arlene Fiore & Larry Horowitz, 2013. "Impacts of 21st century climate change on global air pollution-related premature mortality," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 121(2), pages 239-253, November.
    3. Ance Plavniece & Aleksandrs Volperts & Galina Dobele & Aivars Zhurinsh & Kätlin Kaare & Ivar Kruusenberg & Kaspars Kaprans & Ainars Knoks & Janis Kleperis, 2021. "Wood and Black Liquor-Based N-Doped Activated Carbon for Energy Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-17, August.
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