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Are Climate Change Strategies Effective in Managing Urban Water Resources? The Case of Portugal

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  • Eleonora Santos

    (Centre of Applied Research in Management and Economics, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal)

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between climate mitigation, adaptation strategies, and water management practices in Portugal from 2015 to 2021. Utilizing climate and water resource data from 2015 to 2021, including meteorological data (emperature, rainfall), wastewater treatment volumes, and energy efficiency metrics, the data are sourced from national agencies such as IPMA, ERSAR, APA, and Eurostat. The methodology employs correlation analysis to assess the relationships between climate variables (e.g., temperature, rainfall) and water resource indicators (e.g., reclaimed wastewater, energy efficiency). Despite notable reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and improvements in wastewater treatment efficiency, water resource stability remains a complex issue, particularly with regional disparities such as severe droughts in the Algarve. Additionally, the study evaluates the effectiveness of rainwater harvesting systems, reclaimed wastewater, and infiltration facilities, revealing a decline in reclaimed wastewater efficiency despite increased wastewater treatment. Rainwater harvesting systems (RWHSs) offer resilience, but their broader adoption is hindered by high costs and public perception challenges. Key recommendations include the development of resilient infrastructure, enhanced support for reclaimed water use, and increased investment in research to address water management challenges amid climate variability.

Suggested Citation

  • Eleonora Santos, 2024. "Are Climate Change Strategies Effective in Managing Urban Water Resources? The Case of Portugal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:22:p:9664-:d:1514995
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Manuela Moreira da Silva & Flávia C. Resende & Bárbara Freitas & Jaime Aníbal & António Martins & Amílcar Duarte, 2022. "Urban Wastewater Reuse for Citrus Irrigation in Algarve, Portugal—Environmental Benefits and Carbon Fluxes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Conceição, Nuno & Tezza, Luca & Häusler, Melanie & Lourenço, Sónia & Pacheco, Carlos A. & Ferreira, M. Isabel, 2017. "Three years of monitoring evapotranspiration components and crop and stress coefficients in a deficit irrigated intensive olive orchard," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 138-152.
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