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Energy Efficiency in Public Lighting Systems Friendly to the Environment and Protected Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Velásquez

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético, Quito 170518, Ecuador)

  • Francisco Espín

    (Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético, Quito 170518, Ecuador
    Departamento de Luminotecnia, Luz y Visión, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000, Argentina)

  • María Ángeles Castro

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain)

  • Francisco Rodríguez

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain)

Abstract

Solid-state lighting technology, such as LED devices, is critical to improving energy efficiency in street lighting systems. In Ecuador, government policies have established the obligation to exclusively use LED systems starting in 2023, except in special projects. Ecuador, known for its vast biodiversity, protects its national parks, which are rich in flora, fauna and natural resources, through international institutions and agreements such as UNESCO, CBD and CITES. Although reducing electrical consumption usually measures energy efficiency, this article goes further. It considers aspects such as the correlated color temperature in the lighting design of protected areas, light pollution and the decrease in energy quality due to harmonic distortion. Measurements of the electromagnetic spectrum of the light sources were made in an area in the Galápagos National Park of Ecuador, revealing highly correlated color temperatures that can affect ecosystem cycles. In addition, the investigation detected levels of light pollution increasing the night sky brightness and a notable presence of harmonic distortion in the electrical grid. Using simulations to predict the behavior of these variables offers an efficient option to help preserve protected environments and the quality of energy supply while promoting energy savings.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Velásquez & Francisco Espín & María Ángeles Castro & Francisco Rodríguez, 2024. "Energy Efficiency in Public Lighting Systems Friendly to the Environment and Protected Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:12:p:5113-:d:1415750
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Djuretic, Andrej & Kostic, Miomir, 2018. "Actual energy savings when replacing high-pressure sodium with LED luminaires in street lighting," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 367-378.
    2. Xiaoyun Fu & Di Feng & Xu Jiang & Tingting Wu, 2023. "The Effect of Correlated Color Temperature and Illumination Level of LED Lighting on Visual Comfort during Sustained Attention Activities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Ghada Abdulrahman Najjar & Khaled Akkad & Ahdab Hashim Almahdaly, 2023. "Classification of Lighting Design Aspects in Relation to Employees’ Productivity in Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-14, February.
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