IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i11p4425-d1400379.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of Plant Layout on Microclimate of Summer Courtyard Space Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design

Author

Listed:
  • Guorui Zheng

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Rd., Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Han Xu

    (College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Fan Liu

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Rd., Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Jianwen Dong

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Rd., Fuzhou 350002, China)

Abstract

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, many green spaces have been replaced by urban buildings, resulting in decreased green spaces in courtyard space. Nonetheless, as an enclosed green space integrated with the natural environment, courtyard space plays a vital role in regulating environmental microclimate, so it is necessary to study its microclimate through vegetation greening. Therefore, this study took courtyard spaces in humid and hot areas as an example, and with the help of ENVI-met 5.5.1 software, introduced an orthogonal experimental design to simulate various plant layout models, including tree layout (TL), shrub layout (SL), grass layout (GL), and the interaction of their combined layout, and analyzed the simulation results of temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The results show that first of all, plant layout plays a crucial role in cooling and wind control, and the more uniform the plant layout, the better it is for cooling and ventilation. Secondly, plant layout showed a changing pattern of cooling and wetting in the morning, noon, and afternoon periods. Furthermore, TL had the best cooling and humidifying effect in the morning and midday, and the combined interaction of TL, SL, and GL and of SL and GL significantly affected the wind speed in the courtyard space. During the afternoon, the combined interaction of TL with SL and SL with GL outperformed the single-plant-element type of layout regarding cooling and humidification efficiency. Finally, scattered-form tree layout, single-form shrub layout, and 20% grass layout were the best combinations of plant layout for cooling, humidity reduction, and ventilation. The results provide reference data and an empirical case for the microclimate optimization of summer courtyard spaces.

Suggested Citation

  • Guorui Zheng & Han Xu & Fan Liu & Jianwen Dong, 2024. "Impact of Plant Layout on Microclimate of Summer Courtyard Space Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-22, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:11:p:4425-:d:1400379
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/11/4425/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/11/4425/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andreou, E., 2013. "Thermal comfort in outdoor spaces and urban canyon microclimate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 182-188.
    2. Han Xu & Xinya Lin & Ying Lin & Guorui Zheng & Jianwen Dong & Minhua Wang, 2022. "Study on the Microclimate Effect of Water Body Layout Factors on Campus Squares," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Lixing Chen & Yingzi Zhang & Zhengzheng Luo & Fei Yao, 2022. "Optimization Design of the Landscape Elements in the Lhasa Residential Area Driven by an Orthogonal Experiment and a Numerical Simulation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-18, May.
    4. Su, Laisuo & Zhang, Jianbo & Wang, Caijuan & Zhang, Yakun & Li, Zhe & Song, Yang & Jin, Ting & Ma, Zhao, 2016. "Identifying main factors of capacity fading in lithium ion cells using orthogonal design of experiments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 201-210.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tao, Laifa & Cheng, Yujie & Lu, Chen & Su, Yuzhuan & Chong, Jin & Jin, Haizu & Lin, Yongshou & Noktehdan, Azadeh, 2017. "Lithium-ion battery capacity fading dynamics modelling for formulation optimization: A stochastic approach to accelerate the design process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 138-152.
    2. Ningcheng Gao & Hui Zhang & Pei Wang & Ling Ning & Nyuk Hien Wong & Haibo Yu & Zikang Ke, 2023. "Research on Microclimate-Suitable Spatial Patterns of Waterfront Settlements in Summer: A Case Study of the Nan Lake Area in Wuhan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-26, November.
    3. Pingying Lin & Zhonghua Gou & Stephen Siu-Yu Lau & Hao Qin, 2017. "The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Singh, Deepak Kumar & Tirkey, Jeewan Vachan, 2022. "Performance optimization through response surface methodology of an integrated coal gasification and CI engine fuelled with diesel and low-grade coal-based producer gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    5. Xie, Xiaoxiong & Sahin, Ozge & Luo, Zhiwen & Yao, Runming, 2020. "Impact of neighbourhood-scale climate characteristics on building heating demand and night ventilation cooling potential," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 943-956.
    6. Lazaroiu, Gheorghe & Pop, Elena & Negreanu, Gabriel & Pisa, Ionel & Mihaescu, Lucian & Bondrea, Andreya & Berbece, Viorel, 2017. "Biomass combustion with hydrogen injection for energy applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 351-357.
    7. Zhang, Caiping & Jiang, Yan & Jiang, Jiuchun & Cheng, Gong & Diao, Weiping & Zhang, Weige, 2017. "Study on battery pack consistency evolutions and equilibrium diagnosis for serial- connected lithium-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 510-519.
    8. Kleerekoper, Laura & Taleghani, Mohammad & van den Dobbelsteen, Andy & Hordijk, Truus, 2017. "Urban measures for hot weather conditions in a temperate climate condition: A review study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 515-533.
    9. Yuan Chen & Yigang He & Zhong Li & Liping Chen, 2019. "A Combined Multiple Factor Degradation Model and Online Verification for Electric Vehicle Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-12, November.
    10. Zhiwei Liao & Dongze Lv & Qiyun Hu & Xiang Zhang, 2024. "Review on Aging Risk Assessment and Life Prediction Technology of Lithium Energy Storage Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-19, July.
    11. Kariminia, Shahab & Shamshirband, Shahaboddin & Motamedi, Shervin & Hashim, Roslan & Roy, Chandrabhushan, 2016. "A systematic extreme learning machine approach to analyze visitors׳ thermal comfort at a public urban space," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 751-760.
    12. Golnoosh Manteghi & Hasanuddin limit & Dilshan Remaz, 2015. "Water Bodies an Urban Microclimate: A Review," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(6), pages 1-1, June.
    13. Zhao Zhao & Jie Li & Zongchi Fu, 2024. "Study on Summer Microclimate Analysis and Optimization Strategies for Urban Parks in Xinjiang—A Case Study of Mingzhu Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-20, September.
    14. Zhiming GUO & Tsuyoshi SETOGUCHI & Norihiro WATANABE & Ke HUO, 2018. "Public Open Space Design Study on the Basis of Microclimate and Spatial Behavior in Hot and Cold Weather Conditions in Downtown Area," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(2), pages 128-128, February.
    15. Ahmed Yasser Abdelmejeed & Dietwald Gruehn, 2024. "Pedestrian Dynamic Thermal Comfort Analysis to Optimize Using Trees in Various Urban Morphologies: A Case Study of Cairo City," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-36, September.
    16. E, Jiaqiang & Yi, Feng & Li, Wenjie & Zhang, Bin & Zuo, Hongyan & Wei, Kexiang & Chen, Jingwei & Zhu, Hong & Zhu, Hao & Deng, Yuanwang, 2021. "Effect analysis on heat dissipation performance enhancement of a lithium-ion-battery pack with heat pipe for central and southern regions in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    17. Nazanin Nasrollahi & Amir Ghosouri & Jamal Khodakarami & Mohammad Taleghani, 2020. "Heat-Mitigation Strategies to Improve Pedestrian Thermal Comfort in Urban Environments: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-23, November.
    18. Guan, Ting & Sun, Shun & Gao, Yunzhi & Du, Chunyu & Zuo, Pengjian & Cui, Yingzhi & Zhang, Lingling & Yin, Geping, 2016. "The effect of elevated temperature on the accelerated aging of LiCoO2/mesocarbon microbeads batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 1-10.
    19. Jonathon R. Harding & Binghong Han & Samuel B. Madden & Quinn C. Horn, 2022. "Examining the Performance of Implantable-Grade Lithium-Ion Cells after Overdischarge and Thermally Accelerated Aging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.
    20. Jamei, Elmira & Rajagopalan, Priyadarsini & Seyedmahmoudian, Mohammadmehdi & Jamei, Yashar, 2016. "Review on the impact of urban geometry and pedestrian level greening on outdoor thermal comfort," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1002-1017.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:11:p:4425-:d:1400379. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.