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A Simplified Optimization Model for Hydrokinetic Blades with Diffuser and Swept Rotor

Author

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  • Silvia C. de P. Andrade

    (Graduate Program in Natural Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Déborah A. T. D. do Rio Vaz

    (Graduate Program in Natural Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jerson R. P. Vaz

    (Graduate Program in Natural Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The use of a diffuser in hydrokinetic turbines can improve the power coefficient. However, the risk of cavitation in the rotor blades increases. Studies suggest that backward-curved blades can reduce the axial load on the rotor and therefore prevent cavitation. Therefore, this work develops an optimization procedure applied to backward-curved blades in hydrokinetic turbines with diffusers based on the Blade Element Momentum Theory. The main contribution is to consider both the sweep effect and the presence of a diffuser in the optimization in an innovative way. We use a radial transformation function that adjusts the radial position considering the curvature of the blade during optimization under the effect of the diffuser. The results showed that the increase in blade curvature resulted in greater chord distributions and twist angles, especially at the blade tips. The Prandtl’s loss factor was not sensitive to sweep, but the linked circulation increased at the blade tips, suggesting an increased risk of cavitation. Depending on the sweep angle, the optimized blades were able to mitigate or avoid cavitation. In particular, a sweep angle of 30 ∘ eliminated cavitation. This study indicated that the proposed optimization can effectively prevent cavitation, showing satisfactory results.

Suggested Citation

  • Silvia C. de P. Andrade & Déborah A. T. D. do Rio Vaz & Jerson R. P. Vaz, 2023. "A Simplified Optimization Model for Hydrokinetic Blades with Diffuser and Swept Rotor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:33-:d:1303324
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Silva, Paulo Augusto Strobel Freitas & Shinomiya, Léo Daiki & de Oliveira, Taygoara Felamingo & Vaz, Jerson Rogério Pinheiro & Amarante Mesquita, André Luiz & Brasil Junior, Antonio Cesar Pinho, 2017. "Analysis of cavitation for the optimized design of hydrokinetic turbines using BEM," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1281-1291.
    2. Larwood, Scott & van Dam, C.P. & Schow, Daniel, 2014. "Design studies of swept wind turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 563-571.
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