IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2023i1p237-d1308124.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Navigating the Delivery of Transit-Oriented Development: A Case Study of Private Developers in Riyadh

Author

Listed:
  • Fawaz Alasmari

    (Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Planning, King Saud University, Riyadh 11574, Saudi Arabia)

  • Sameeh Alarabi

    (Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Planning, King Saud University, Riyadh 11574, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Transit-oriented development has gained global attention as a sustainable urban planning approach. However, its implementation in developing countries, particularly in the Middle East, remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the challenges and opportunities facing private developers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in the context of delivering TOD projects. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines survey data and interviews, the research explores four key dimensions: regulatory, structural, collective vision, and economic factors. The findings reveal a complex local environment characterized by both encouraging prospects and formidable challenges. Institutional coordination, procedural clarity, and timely approval emerge as critical challenges in the regulatory dimension. Land-related issues, including land amalgamation and fragmented ownership, are identified as significant structural obstacles. While there is general enthusiasm for TOD among private developers, the lack of effective public–private collaboration and a unified vision hampers progress. Economically, high initial investments and regulatory uncertainties are the main challenges, although there is cautious optimism for future profitability. Despite these challenges, the study unveiled policy implications for implementation and offered information for context-specific adaptive planning. The research contributes to the growing body of literature on TOD in developing countries and lays the groundwork for future multistakeholder studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Fawaz Alasmari & Sameeh Alarabi, 2023. "Navigating the Delivery of Transit-Oriented Development: A Case Study of Private Developers in Riyadh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:237-:d:1308124
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/1/237/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/1/237/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jonathan Levine & Aseem Inam, 2004. "The Market for Transportation-Land Use Integration: Do Developers Want Smarter Growth than Regulations Allow?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 409-427, November.
    2. Gerald Ollivier & Ashish Ghate & Kaira Bankim & Prerna Mehta, 2021. "Transit-Oriented Development Implementation Resources and Tools, 2nd Edition," World Bank Publications - Reports 34870, The World Bank Group.
    3. Claire A. Dunlop & Claudio M. Radaelli, 2013. "Systematising Policy Learning: From Monolith to Dimensions," Political Studies, Political Studies Association, vol. 61(3), pages 599-619, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yannis Papadopoulos, 2018. "How does knowledge circulate in a regulatory network? Observing a European Platform of Regulatory Authorities meeting," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(4), pages 431-450, December.
    2. Wenjia Zhang & Ming Zhang, 2018. "Incorporating land use and pricing policies for reducing car dependence: Analytical framework and empirical evidence," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 55(13), pages 3012-3033, October.
    3. Ibraeva, Anna & Correia, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida & Silva, Cecília & Antunes, António Pais, 2020. "Transit-oriented development: A review of research achievements and challenges," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 110-130.
    4. Guthrie, Andrew & Fan, Yingling, 2016. "Developers' perspectives on transit-oriented development," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 103-114.
    5. Fredrik von Malmborg & Peter A. Strachan, 2023. "Advocacy Coalitions and Paths to Policy Change for Promoting Energy Efficiency in European Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Xinyu (Jason) Cao, 2009. "Disentangling the influence of neighborhood type and self-selection on driving behavior: an application of sample selection model," Transportation, Springer, vol. 36(2), pages 207-222, March.
    7. Ekaterina Domorenok & Anthony R. Zito, 2021. "Engines of learning? Policy instruments, cities and climate governance," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 54(3), pages 507-528, September.
    8. Cao, Xinyu, 2006. "The Causal Relationship between the Built Environment and Personal Travel Choice: Evidence from Northern California," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt07q5p340, University of California Transportation Center.
    9. Angelou, Angelos, 2024. "Linking crises: inter-crisis learning and the European Commission’s approach to the National Recovery and Resilience Plans," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 123867, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    10. Jonathan Levine & Lawrence Frank, 2007. "Transportation and land-use preferences and residents’ neighborhood choices: the sufficiency of compact development in the Atlanta region," Transportation, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 255-274, March.
    11. Erik Baekkeskov, 2016. "Explaining science-led policy-making: pandemic deaths, epistemic deliberation and ideational trajectories," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 49(4), pages 395-419, December.
    12. Jannes J Willems & Tim Busscher & Margo van den Brink & Jos Arts, 2018. "Anticipating water infrastructure renewal: A framing perspective on organizational learning in public agencies," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 36(6), pages 1088-1108, September.
    13. Cutter, W. Bowman & Franco, Sofia F., 2012. "Do parking requirements significantly increase the area dedicated to parking? A test of the effect of parking requirements values in Los Angeles County," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(6), pages 901-925.
    14. Claire A Dunlop, 2014. "The Possible Experts: How Epistemic Communities Negotiate Barriers to Knowledge Use in Ecosystems Services Policy," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 32(2), pages 208-228, April.
    15. Mark W. Horner, 2008. "`Optimal' Accessibility Landscapes? Development of a New Methodology for Simulating and Assessing Jobs—Housing Relationships in Urban Regions," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45(8), pages 1583-1602, July.
    16. Agathe Devaux-Spatarakis, 2014. "Experimentieren in der Praxis : Erkenntnisse aus drei Experimenten mit Zufallsauswahl [Experiments « in the making » : lessons from three randomized controlled trials]," Post-Print halshs-03510442, HAL.
    17. Burtraw, Dallas & Woerman, Matt, 2013. "Economic ideas for a complex climate policy regime," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(S1), pages 24-31.
    18. Xinyu Cao & Daniel Chatman, 2016. "How will smart growth land-use policies affect travel? A theoretical discussion on the importance of residential sorting," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 43(1), pages 58-73, January.
    19. Alex Osei‐Kojo & Paul Lawer Kenney & Clement Mensah Damoah & Albert Ahenkan, 2022. "Collective learning and COVID‐19 mitigation in Ghana," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 39(3), pages 255-281, May.
    20. Andrew Geddes, 2014. "Relationships between Research and Policy on Migration in the European Union: A Practice-Based Analysis," EUI-RSCAS Working Papers p0363, European University Institute (EUI), Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies (RSCAS).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:237-:d:1308124. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.