IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i9p7203-d1133489.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessment of Walkability of Large Parking Lots on University Campuses Using Walking Infrastructure and User Behavior as an Assessment Method for Promoting Sustainability

Author

Listed:
  • Nawaf Alhajaj

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Car-dominated university campuses allocate large areas of land for parking lots, which are major hubs for users to start and end their daily walking trips. However, studies on the walkability of large parking lots are limited, and there is a study gap in the assessment of existing constructed walking infrastructures and their usage and effectiveness in facilitating walking. In this study, a method is developed that can assess both the walking infrastructure and its usage, then applied in five large campus parking lots based on observational strategies. The results indicate that the orientation of a walking path perpendicular to a destination (which provides short-distance walks), availability of proper access to walking paths and designated crossing areas that connect between walking paths, proper implementation of effective traffic calming strategies, and presence of a single entrance and exit for vehicles all play important roles in promoting the use of existing walking infrastructure and creating pedestrian-friendly parking lots. Additionally, this study method extends the walkability assessment of built environments, particularly in large parking lots. This study promotes the creation of sustainable university campuses, thereby enhancing the quality of life of students and staff who use the facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Nawaf Alhajaj, 2023. "Assessment of Walkability of Large Parking Lots on University Campuses Using Walking Infrastructure and User Behavior as an Assessment Method for Promoting Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7203-:d:1133489
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7203/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7203/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Barbara Stolte BEZERRA & Gustavo Garcia MANZATO & Silas Volpon de MELLO & Anna Silvia P. PEIXOTO & Mariana Dias Chaves BATISTAO, 2019. "Framework For Infrastructure Risk Analysis To Pedestrians In A University Campus Parking," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 14(2), pages 59-71, May.
    2. Khaled Shaaban, 2019. "Assessing Sidewalk and Corridor Walkability in Developing Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-19, July.
    3. Abolfazl Dehghanmongabadi & Şebnem Hoşkara, 2018. "Challenges of Promoting Sustainable Mobility on University Campuses: The Case of Eastern Mediterranean University," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-21, December.
    4. Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris & Aditya Medury & Camille Fink & Offer Grembek & Kevan Shafizadeh & Norman Wong & Phyllis Orrick, 2014. "Crashes on and Near College Campuses: A Comparative Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 80(3), pages 198-217, July.
    5. Shannon, Tya & Giles-Corti, Billie & Pikora, Terri & Bulsara, Max & Shilton, Trevor & Bull, Fiona, 2006. "Active commuting in a university setting: Assessing commuting habits and potential for modal change," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 240-253, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Selima Sultana & Hyojin Kim & Nastaran Pourebrahim & Firoozeh Karimi, 2018. "Geographical Assessment of Low-Carbon Transportation Modes: A Case Study from a Commuter University," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-23, August.
    2. Butler, Alex & Sweet, Matthias, 2020. "No free rides: Winners and losers of the proposed Toronto Transit Commission U-Pass program," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 15-28.
    3. Branka Trček & Beno Mesarec, 2022. "Pathways to Alternative Transport Mode Choices among University Students and Staff—Commuting to the University of Maribor since 2010," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi Ibrahim & Muhamad Nazri Borhan & Nur Shaeza Darus & Nor Aznirahani Mhd Yunin & Rozmi Ismail, 2022. "Understanding the Willingness of Students to Use Bicycles for Sustainable Commuting in a University Setting: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-20, March.
    5. William Villegas-Ch & Xavier Palacios-Pacheco & Sergio Luján-Mora, 2019. "Application of a Smart City Model to a Traditional University Campus with a Big Data Architecture: A Sustainable Smart Campus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-28, May.
    6. Clara Moreira Senne & Josiane Palma Lima & Fábio Favaretto, 2021. "An Index for the Sustainability of Integrated Urban Transport and Logistics: The Case Study of São Paulo," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, November.
    7. Andrea Okanović & Jelena Ješić & Vladimir Đaković & Simonida Vukadinović & Andrea Andrejević Panić, 2021. "Increasing University Competitiveness through Assessment of Green Content in Curriculum and Eco-Labeling in Higher Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-20, January.
    8. Rotaris, Lucia & Danielis, Romeo, 2014. "The impact of transportation demand management policies on commuting to college facilities: A case study at the University of Trieste, Italy," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 127-140.
    9. Rybarczyk, Greg & Gallagher, Laura, 2014. "Measuring the potential for bicycling and walking at a metropolitan commuter university," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 1-10.
    10. Rotaris, Lucia & Danielis, Romeo, 2015. "Commuting to college: The effectiveness and social efficiency of transportation demand management policies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 158-168.
    11. Sultana, Selima, 2015. "Factors associated with students' parking-pass purchase decisions: Evidence from an American University," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 65-75.
    12. Jorge Ubirajara Pedreira Junior & Antônio Nélson Rodrigues da Silva & Cira Souza Pitombo, 2022. "Car-Free Day on a University Campus: Determinants of Participation and Potential Impacts on Sustainable Travel Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
    13. Zhou, Jiangping, 2012. "Sustainable commute in a car-dominant city: Factors affecting alternative mode choices among university students," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(7), pages 1013-1029.
    14. Mavoa, Suzanne & Witten, Karen & McCreanor, Tim & O’Sullivan, David, 2012. "GIS based destination accessibility via public transit and walking in Auckland, New Zealand," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 15-22.
    15. Anais Mathez & Kevin Manaugh & Vincent Chakour & Ahmed El-Geneidy & Marianne Hatzopoulou, 2013. "How can we alter our carbon footprint? Estimating GHG emissions based on travel survey information," Transportation, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 131-149, January.
    16. Eun Jung Kim & Hyunjung Kim, 2020. "Neighborhood Walkability and Housing Prices: A Correlation Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    17. Maribel Parra-Saldías & Jose Castro-Piñero & Antonio Castillo Paredes & Ximena Palma Leal & Ximena Díaz Martínez & Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez, 2018. "Active Commuting Behaviours from High School to University in Chile: A Retrospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    18. Allen, Jeff & Farber, Steven, 2018. "An Examination of Time-Use and Transportation Barriers to On-Campus Participation of University Students," SocArXiv q652t, Center for Open Science.
    19. Khaled Assi & Uneb Gazder & Ibrahim Al-Sghan & Imran Reza & Abdullah Almubarak, 2020. "A Nested Ensemble Approach with ANNs to Investigate the Effect of Socioeconomic Attributes on Active Commuting of University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-17, May.
    20. Fu, Tat & Mundorf, Norbert & Paiva, Andrea & Prochaska, James, 2012. "Promoting behavior change among Campus commuters," 53rd Annual Transportation Research Forum, Tampa, Florida, March 15-17, 2012 207111, Transportation Research Forum.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7203-:d:1133489. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.