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Content Variation and Potential Runoff Loss Risk of Nutrients in Surface Water of Saline-Alkali Paddy in Response to the Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Types

Author

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  • Jiao Lyu

    (Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
    Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Xinyi Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Shengnan Hou

    (Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, China)

  • Anwar Zeb

    (Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130021, China)

  • Hui Zhu

    (Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, China)

  • Yingying Xu

    (Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China)

Abstract

As the saline-alkali paddy area continues to grow, the nutrient (e.g., nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) runoff loss is becoming more serious in the world. The N-fertilizer application affects the nutrient runoff loss risk in paddy. Selecting suitable fertilizer types to reduce nutrient loss is beneficial to agricultural sustainability. However, the effects of N-fertilizer application in saline-alkali paddy are not clear. This study measured the N and P concentration of surface water in saline-alkali paddy, using various N—fertilizer treatments (i.e., urea (U), urea with urease—nitrification inhibitors (UI), organic–inorganic compound fertilizer (OCF), carbon—based slow—release fertilizer (CSF), and no N fertilization (CK)). Based on the structural equation model, both phosphate (PO 4 3− -P) and total−P (TP) concentrations had a positive influence on total-N (TN) concentration regardless of N−fertilizer types applied. Potential risks of ammonia—N (NH 4 + —N) and nitrate—N (NO 3 − —N) runoff losses were reduced in UI treatment, but the TN and TP losses were increased. At the panicle-initiation fertilizer stage, the NO 3 − −N, TN, and TP concentrations in CSF and OCF treatments were lower than U. The CSF application can control the TP runoff loss risk during the rice-growing season. UI should not be suggested for the control of nutrient runoff loss in saline-alkali paddy.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiao Lyu & Xinyi Wang & Shengnan Hou & Anwar Zeb & Hui Zhu & Yingying Xu, 2023. "Content Variation and Potential Runoff Loss Risk of Nutrients in Surface Water of Saline-Alkali Paddy in Response to the Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Types," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7040-:d:1130263
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Shijie & Zhang, Gang & Wang, Dejian & Liu, Qin & Xu, Min, 2021. "Investigation into runoff nitrogen loss variations due to different crop residue retention modes and nitrogen fertilizer rates in rice-wheat cropping systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    2. Yanmei Yu & Junzeng Xu & Pingcang Zhang & Yan Meng & Yujiang Xiong, 2021. "Controlled Irrigation and Drainage Reduce Rainfall Runoff and Nitrogen Loss in Paddy Fields," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Shi, Xinrui & Hu, Kelin & Batchelor, William D. & Liang, Hao & Wu, Yali & Wang, Qihui & Fu, Jin & Cui, Xiaoqing & Zhou, Feng, 2020. "Exploring optimal nitrogen management strategies to mitigate nitrogen losses from paddy soil in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    4. Zanon, Jair Augusto & Favaretto, Nerilde & Democh Goularte, Gabriel & Dieckow, Jeferson & Barth, Gabriel, 2020. "Manure application at long-term in no-till: Effects on runoff, sediment and nutrients losses in high rainfall events," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
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    1. Shenghai Cheng & Aibin He & Xiayu Guo & Rongyi Li & Jianbo Wang & Yucheng Qi & Pengfei Zhang & Weixu Tao & Junchao Ji & Tingcheng Zhao & Yusheng Li & Zhiyong Ai, 2024. "Rational Utilization of Sediment Resources Improves Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Salt Stress," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-15, February.

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